After the Communist government of Poland announced a rise in food prices, it quickly reversed its decision after strikes began in the Warsaw suburb of Ursus and in the cities of Radom, and Płock. The government reversed the price hike and the workers returned to their jobs on June 30. The Polish government withdrew its plan to raise food prices sharply after workers protesting the increases had torn up railroad tracks near Warsaw and struck in other parts of the country. Prime Minister Piotr Jaroszewicz, in a brief television statement, said that the government had decided to give the proposal further consideration. This could take months. The Prime Minister said that some factory workers had agreed with the increases but others had been critical. Workers at the strike‐bound Ursus Tractor Factory outside Warsaw said: “We are on strike. Other factories in Poland are on strike, including in the Baltic ports.” They pledged they would not return to work until the huge food price increases, announced yesterday, were reduced sharply or canceled altogether.
Three times in the last 20 years Polish workers have taken to the streets to deliver what has been essentially the same message to their Government: life is difficult enough, don’t make it any tougher. Revolutionary conditions have developed on occasion else‐, where in Eastern Europe since World War II. but they have emerged from a variety of causes. In Poland it has been economic conditions each time. The 1956 riots in Poznan, which Poles were to recall as the events of “Golden October.” began on the morning of June 28 when the morning shift at the city’s locomotive and railroad car works formed up to march into the central square rather than report to their jobs. Chants of “bread and freedom” were soon joined by forbidden hymns that mingle the nation’s religious and national heritage. Soon the procession met opposition, and a riot followed.
President Tito will attend a high‐level meeting of European Communists in East Berlin next week, ending a 19‐year Yugoslav boycott of international Communist conferences, it was announced here today. The decision by the 84‐year-old Yugoslav leader to go in person was taken here as indicating that he was not afraid the move might be interpreted as a surrender to Soviet pressure. In preparatory talks over the last 20 months, the Yugoslavs led opposition to Soviet efforts for adoption at the conference of a document recognizing Moscow as the center of the international Communist movement. The Yugoslavs were helped in their effort by the Rumanian, Italian, French and Spanish Communist Parties.
The vague outlines of a possible compromise in Italy’s postelection crisis were emerging today, with word that the Socialist Party would vote for a Communist to be president of one house of the Legislature. Major politicians on all sides stressed that a long and intricate series of negotiations was ahead, both among the main parties and within their leadership. However, it was generally agreed that the small Socialist Party, described as the main loser in elections last Sunday and Monday, still holds the key to the formation of a new coalition government with a chance of survival. Antonio Giolitti, a ranking member of the Socialist Party, said in an interview that his party had agreed last night to relinquish its claim to the presidency of the Senate and back a Communist for either that post or as president of the House.
In an address on the political, economic and military prospects of the West before the Institute of Strategic Studies in London, Secretary of State Henry Kissinger was philosophical and optimistic and possibly valedictory. The institute regularly publishes studies on the balance of world forces. Mr. Kissinger’s aides, with whom he spent several weeks preparing the speech, said that it might have been his final major address in Europe as Secretary of State. He said that the Western countries did not have to fear competition from the Communist world so long as they had the will “to stay together and to stay the course.” Kissinger said, “If there is a military competition, we have the strength to defend our interests. If there is an economic competition we won it long ago. If there is an ideological competition, the power of our ideas depends only on our will to uphold them.”
Intense artillery duels and ground attacks flared again today around two besieged Palestinian refugee camps in Beirut’s southeastern suburbs, while Lebanese leftists appeared to open a new front in the battered port section of the city. Three days of attacks by Lebanese right‐wing Christian militiamen against the camps of Jisr el‐Pasha and Tell Zaatar evidently failed to dislodge the defenders. Some reports from the area spoke of hand‐to‐hand fighting in the hilly terrain around the camps. The fighting spread northward to the port area as the Palestinians and their Lebanese leftist allies tried to ease the pressure on the camps. The Palestinians and leftists said they had made slight advances into the Christian suburb of Ain el‐Rummaneh and along the Damascus highway. Some reports said well over 100 people were killed in the last 24 hours, but the figures were impossible to verify. The fighting around Tell Zaatar has knocked out the power lines supplying Beirut with electricity, and all telephone service has also been cut off.
The improvement of relations between Egypt and Syria that was set in motion yesterday is expected to benefit Lebanon and the search for a negotiated settlement to the Arab‐Israeli conflict. Neither Prime Minister Mamdouh Salem of Egypt nor Mahmoud al‐Ayubi, his Syrian counterpart, who met Wednesday and Thursday in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, is influential in the foreign affairs of his country. They are known to have acted within the limits of strict Instructions. Their encounter thus was not a negotiation but a preliminary step in a longer-range move planned by both governments. A summit meeting between Presidents Anwar el‐Sadat of Egypt and Hafez al‐Assad of Syria is taken for granted by informed sources here, although no date is known to have been set. In order to become effective, the Syrian‐Egyptian thaw would have to take the form of a personal reconciliation between these two men, Arab diplomats said today. The antagonism between the two Presidents has been running deep since early last year and broke into the open after Mr. Sadat signed the second Egyptian disengagement agreement with Israel in September. The agreement made no provision for any kind of Israeli withdrawal from the Syrian front and contained no reference to the Palestinians.
An official proposal that Hanoi be designated the political, economic and cultural capital of the “Socialist Republic of Vietnam” was placed today before the assembly of Northern and Southern representatives working on the formalities of reunification. The proposal was advanced by the 36‐member presidium of the National Assembly, which has 249 representatives from the North and 243 from the South. The assembly was expected to endorse the proposal when it reconvenes Tuesday. The presidium also suggested that the assembly adopt the North Vietnamese flag, a gold star on a red field, as the flag of the reunified country and that the North Vietnamese emblem, consisting of a cogwheel symbolizing industry, two ears of rice representing agriculture and a star, be the new national emblem.
Foreign Minister Park Tong Jin of South Korea said today that his government was looking for ways to open what he called “effective communications” with China. His remarks to the National Assembly’s Foreign Affairs Committee did not indicate whether this meant full diplomatic relationships. Mr. Park, however, reiterated his government’s view that South Korea was willing to achieve a direct contact with China to discuss, among other subjects, occasional seizure by Chinese vessels of Korean fishing boats operating in the Yellow Sea. Early this month, two fishing vessels, together with 19 crew members, were captured off the Korean coast 280 miles southwest of here. The Chinese, who said the Koreans had violated their territorial waters, have released the ships and their crews. The move caused pleasant surprises among South Korean officials.
Six younger members of Japan’s ruling Liberal Democrats took the highly unusual step today of resigning en masse from their party today. Criticizing the politics of aged party leaders and denouncing their political and spiritual corruption, the six men, who indicated two days ago that they were splitting, formed an entirely new political grouping named the New Liberal Club. Their move does not threaten the comfortable control of the Diet exercised by the Liberal Democrats, whose leader, Prime Minister Takeo Miki, left yesterday to meet with the leaders of six other major powers in Puerto Rico.
Negotiations between the United States and the Philippines for a new agreement covering American bases here have been recessed until next week. The delegations said they needed a week’s time to consult their governments on the differences between the sides. The negotiating teams, which had met for two weeks in Baguio, 150 miles north of Manila, said in a joint statement that they would reconvene on July 1 in Manila. The talks, begun last April in Washington at the request of the Philippines, are meant to redefine the terms for continued American use of the Seventh Fleet’s base at Subic Bay and the 13th Air Force’s base at Clark Field.
Uganda’s President Idi Amin announced that he had been proclaimed “President for Life” by the Advisory Defence Council that he had created to counsel him on national decisions. Amin, who had survived an assassination attempt earlier in the month, said that “My driver was killed and so was my escort. Only I escaped. I was saved from death by God’s wish. I will not die and I will not fear anybody. If I am going to die, God will tell me.”
The Soweto Uprising in South Africa has left an estimated 200 to 700 blacks and 2 whites dead following 10 days of rioting. James T. Kruger, the South African Minister of Justice, Police and Prisons, said today that there was evidence that the rioting in black townships last week was organized. He said that the use of black-power salutes by young people in the townships made it “quite clear that black consciousness and the black movement are somewhere behind the riots.” Mr. Kruger, speaking at a conference for foreign correspondents, said the official death toll in the riots had risen to 174 blacks and two whites. He said that 1,139 people, including 22 policemen, were injured and that 1,298 people had been arrested in connection with the riots that began, a week ago Wednesday.
Chancellor Helmut Schmidt used a courtesy call by Prime Minister John Vorster today to speak of West Germany’s strong opposition to South Africa’s racial policies. In a statement of unusual bluntness following a courtesy visit by a head of a nominally friendly Government, the chief Government spokesman, Klaus Bolling, dissociated Bonn from Mr. Vorster’s presence here and emphasized that the Prime Minister had visited the Chancellor at his own request. Mr. Bolling’s statement followed a West German Foreign Ministry communiqué on Tuesday that was also candidly critical of South Africa’s racial policies. Today, Mr. Bolling noted that Mr. Vorster had to West Germany to meet with Secretary of State Henry A. Kissinger and with South African ambassadors.
President Ford headed toward the capture of all or nearly all of Minnesota’s 18 at-large convention delegates, a victory that would put under 100 the additional votes he needed for the Republican presidential nomination. The Ford supporters seemed to be solidly in control of the 1,976 delegates to the Independent-Republican convention in St. Paul, where Betty Ford led her husband’s forces, and where Ronald Reagan spoke but did not get many new votes.
Senate and House conferees agreed to proceed with production plans for the controversial B-1 supersonic bomber. In approving a compromise bill authorizing the purchase of $32.5 billion in weapons, the conference deleted a Senate-approved restriction that would have delayed a production contract until at least next February 1. The delay was designed by its sponsor, Senator John Culver, Democrat of Iowa, to give the next President an opportunity to review completed test data on prototype planes and decide whether the planned 244 B‐1 replacements for the B‐52 were worth the estimated $22, billion cost. President Ford has indicated support for the B‐1 program, while Jimmy Carter, the potential Democratic Presidential nominee, has expressed doubt about the wisdom of proceeding.
Two members of the House Appropriations Committee said today that President Ford had agreed to accept a compromise on supplemental military assistance for Israel that would provide a total of $275 million for the period June 30 to October 1.
The Supreme Court ruled 7 to 2 that private schools may not exclude black children because of their color. The Court in effect ruled against the so-called “freedom schools” that were established in the South by whites following the Court’s 1954 Brown decision that banned racial segregation in public schools. The Southern Independent School Association, representing about 375 schools, was one of the parties in the legal dispute that resulted in today’s ruling. The association had conceded that many of its member schools excluded students for racial reasons and had argued that the schools could not be forbidden to do so under the Constitution.
In another 7-to-2 decision, the Supreme Court ruled that civil rights laws give the same protection to whites as they do to blacks and made it clear that those laws were not intended only for non-whites. The ruling was made in a case in which two white men charged that they were illegally discriminated against on the basis of race when their employer dismissed them for allegedly stealing company property, but did not dismiss a third man, a black, who was implicated. The decision was written by the Supreme Court’s only black Justice, Thurgood Marshall. It marked a new turn in the Court’s development of civil rights law, an extension to whites of the protections that were once thought to be designed for, and needed by, nonwhites.
Labor union members have the right to refuse to work overtime so as to bring pressure on an employer in labor negotiations, the Supreme Court ruled today. In a 6‐to‐3 decision, the Court said that the Wisconsin Employment Relation Commission was wrong in declaring that the no‐overtime tactics of a machinist union local constituted an unfair labor tactic. The opinion, overturning a 1949 Supreme Court decision, said that union’s refusal to work overtime “is peaceful conduct constituting activity which must be free of regulation by the states.” “It is not contended that the union policy against overtime work was enforced by violence or threats of intimidation or injury to property,” the Court said in the opinion written by Justice William J. Brennan Jr. “Workers simply left the plant at the end of their work shift and refused to volunteer for or accept overtime or Saturday work.”
The States have the right to, set mandatory retirement ages for their employees so long as the requirement is relevant to the job being performed, the Supreme Court ruled today. The Court’s 7‐to‐1 ruling — Justice John P. Stevens took no part in the decision and Justice Thurgood Marshall dissented — was made in the case of Robert D. Murgia, a former lieutenant colonel in the Massachusetts state police. Colonel Murgia was forced to retire in July 1972. when he reached his 50th birthday. He filed suit, challenging the Massachusetts statute as unconstitutional. The state’s age50 retirement requirement, according to Colonel Murgia’s attorney, is the lowest age in the nation for state policemen. The Court. in its unsigned opinion, wrote: “Since physical ability generally declines with age, mandatory retirement at 50 serves to remove from police service those whose fitness for uniformed work presumptively has diminished with age. This clearly is rationally related to the state’s objective.”
The Supreme Court ruled, 6 to 3 today that a prison inmate does not have a constitutional right to a hearing before he is transferred to a maximum security penitentiary.
Senator Russell Long of Louisiana said that he will ask the Senate to strike from the pending tax bill a provision that could benefit members of his family. In a statement to the Senate, Mr. Long said that when the provision was presented to the committee as an amendment to a tax bill previously passed by the House, “no one could have known that the amendment might have benefited my children or other relatives.” The fact that the tax bill, contained two provisions that could confer major financial benefits on Mr. Long’s children, his nieces and nephews and grandnieces and grandnephews was disclosed yesterday by The New York Times. The tax saving that members of the Long family could realize, if the provisions became law, could reach hundreds of thousands of dollars, over the years, and possibly millions.
Representative Frank Thompson Jr.. the new chairman of the House Administration Committee, today ordered an audit of about $30 million in the expenses of 20 committees, including his own. Mr. Thompson said that the audits would be made under his direction by accountants on loan from the General Accounting Office, the investigating arm of Congress. The New Jersey Democrat, who formally replaced Representative Wayne L. Hays of Ohio as committee chairman two days ago, said that the audits could include records of years before 1976 and might involve the office accounts of some of the Representatives themselves.
Mike Mansfield, the senate majority leader, said today it was highly doubtful that the Senate would act this year on President Ford’s proposals to limit court‐ordered school busing. Mr. Ford sent his proposals to Congress yesterday and Mr. Mansfield remarked that it, was already late in an election-year session. “We have a heavy schedule which has been outlined up to Labor Day,” the Montana Democrat said.
President Ford assigned 100 Job Corps trainees to help clean up the beaches on Long Island that were polluted by sewage in the last week, but the beaches were not made eligible for federal disaster aid. Almost all the beaches were open today. Jones Beach State Park is expected to open most of its beaches tomorrow.
President Ford says that former Vice President Spiro T. Agnew’s recent remarks about Jews ” are wrong, both substantively and morally, and they struck me as an unsavory footnote to a chapter in our history that would best remain closed.” Mr. Ford made the comment Monday in a letter, made public today by the White House, to Seymour Graubard of the Anti-Defamation League of B’nai B’rith. The league said Mr. Graubard had asked about Mr. Agnew’s remarks, which the former Vice President made in his novel, “The Canfield Decision,” and in interviews about the book. The league said Mr. Agnew’s remarks maligned Israel. Zionists and American Jews. It accused him of expressing “antisemitic canards.”
In the U.S. state of Missouri, Governor Christopher “Kit” Bond signed an executive order formally rescinding an order that had been issued in 1838 by then-Governor Lilburn Boggs directing the state militia to deport, and if resistance was encountered, to kill Mormon believers in the state. Executive Order 44, remembered as the “Mormon Extermination Order”, had been issued by Governor Boggs on October 27, 1838, directed General John B. Clark that “The Mormons must be treated as enemies, and must be exterminated or driven from the state if necessary for the public peace—their outrages are beyond all description.” Governor Bond said in a statement, “This was a dark chapter in Missouri’s history. In this, our country’s 200th birthday, it is fitting to reaffirm our belief in the principles which our founding fathers recognized in our state and the nation’s Constitution and Bill of Rights.”
British-American actor Peter Lawford (52) weds aspiring actress Deborah Gould (25) three weeks after they meet; they separate after two months, and divorce in 1977.
26th Berlin International Film Festival: “Buffalo Bill and the Indians, or Sitting Bull’s History Lesson” wins the Golden Bear.
Supernatural horror film “The Omen” starring Gregory Peck and Lee Remick premieres in the United States.
Major League Baseball:
The Cleveland Indians, who failed to hold 3–0 and 5–4 leads, pushed over a run in the ninth inning and defeated the Baltimore Orioles, 6–5. Charlie Spikes homered for the Indians and Reggie Jackson for the Orioles, who tied the score in the seventh on a run-scoring single by Dave Duncan. But in the ninth, Larvell Blanks, who scored three times in the game, crossed the plate with the Indians’ deciding run on a single by George Hendrick.
After Ron LeFlore drove in the tie-breaking run in the eighth inning, Aurelio Rodriguez smashed a three-run homer in the ninth to clinch the Tigers’ 6–2 victory over the Red Sox. Pedro Garcia singled, stole second and crossed the plate on LeFlore’s single. Rusty Staub and Alex Johnson both singled ahead of Rodriguez’ homer.
In the Mets 7–4 win over the Cubs, Mike Phillips hits for the cycle to back Jon Matlack’s pitching. Phillips was hitting just .207 coming into the game, and his homer was his first of the year. He’ll hit homers in the next two games against the Cubs. Rick Monday starts the Cubs scoring with a leadoff homer; he’ll do the same tomorrow. Dave Kingman drove in four runs with a homer and single. Kingman’s homer, No. 24 for the mammoth slugger, put the Mets ahead, 3–1, in the third inning, but the Cubs came back to tie before Phillips tripled and crossed the plate on an error by Manny Trillo in the fifth. Phillips homered with a man on base in the seventh and Kingman singled for his fourth RBI in the same stanza.
Dan Driessen drove in five runs with three hits and Pedro Borbon pitched five sterling innings of relief to enable the Reds to outlast the Astros, 8–6. Driessen batted in his first two runs with a pair of singles, walked with the bases loaded for another RBI and concluded his big night at bat with a two-run double. The Astros hit four homers, the first three by Leon Roberts, Enos Cabell and Bob Watson coming off Reds’ starter Rich Hinton. After Borbon took over, the Astros’ lone run in the last four frames came on Watson’s second homer of the game.
John Mayberry, entering the game with only one hit in his last 19 times at bat, belted two homers and drove in five runs as the Royals ended their five-game losing streak by defeating the Angels, 6–3.
Deciding a duel between Ed Halicki and Burt Hooton, the Giants scored in the ninth inning and defeated the Dodgers, 1–0. Derrel Thomas led off with a single and, one out later, Bobby Murcer walked. Then, with two out, Chris Speier singled for the only run. Halicki (6–10) struck out ten and walked just one, allowing 7 hits.
Willie Stargell and Richie Hebner knocked in seven runs between them to make it easy for the Pirates to defeat the Expos, 9–2. Stargell batted in two runs with a double in the first inning and Hebner accounted for one with a single. Hebner then homered with a man on base in the third, while Stargell produced two more runs with singles in the sixth and eighth innings.
Dock Ellis pitched the first shutout of his American League career with the Yankees and Mickey Rivers smashed a homer off Bill Travers in the sixth inning to beat the Brewers, 1–0. Rivers, who also had a single in four trips, batted safely in his 17th straight game.
Pinch-hitting in the ninth inning, Ken McMullen came through with a three-run homer to lift the Athletics to a 5–2 victory over the Twins. On the short end of a 2–1 score going into the final frame, the A’s started with a walk to Billy Williams, who gave way on the paths to Matt Alexander. After taking third on a single by Sal Bando, Alexander was out at the plate trying to score on a grounder by Gene Tenace. Claudell Washington, however, singled, plating Bando to tie the score, and McMullen then tore into Bill Campbell’s first pitch to him for the eighth pinch-hit homer of his major league career.
Greg Luzinski homered with a man on base in the first inning and Dick Allen came through later with two circuit clouts, accounting for four runs, as the Phillies trounced the Cardinals, 12–4. After Luzinski’s initial blast, Allen homered in the fourth. The Phillies then loaded the bases and scored four more runs on singles by Dave Cash and Mike Schmidt. Allen hit his second homer of the game with two men on base in the eighth.
Two runs on a triple by Rod Gilbreath in the third inning and two more on a homer by Ken Henderson in the fourth enabled the Braves to defeat the Padres, 4–1. Roger Moret (3–2) gets the victory.
Texas Rangers baseball shortstop Toby Harrah set a record for “doing nothing” in a doubleheader against the visiting Chicago White Sox, without having the ball hit in his direction at all. Ranger Toby Harrah becomes the only shortstop in Major League history to go through an entire doubleheader without a fielding chance. At the plate, Harrah makes up for the inactivity, collecting 6 hits, including a grand slam in the opener and another round-tripper in game 2. The Rangers beat the White Sox in the first game 8–4, but lose the nightcap 14–9. The Rangers were behind in the lidlifter, 4–3, until the ninth inning when a walk, hit batsman and single by Lenny Randle tied the score. After an intentional pass to Jim Fregosi, Harrah won the game with his slam. In the second game, the White Sox had three big innings, scoring four runs in the second, five in the sixth and four in the ninth, but eight of their 14 runs were unearned.
Cleveland Indians 6, Baltimore Orioles 5
Detroit Tigers 6, Boston Red Sox 2
New York Mets 7, Chicago Cubs 4
Cincinnati Reds 8, Houston Astros 6
California Angels 3, Kansas City Royals 6
San Francisco Giants 1, Los Angeles Dodgers 0
Pittsburgh Pirates 9, Montreal Expos 2
Milwaukee Brewers 0, New York Yankees 1
Minnesota Twins 2, Oakland Athletics 5
St. Louis Cardinals 4, Philadelphia Phillies 12
Atlanta Braves 4, San Diego Padres 1
Chicago White Sox 4, Texas Rangers 8
Chicago White Sox 14, Texas Rangers 9
Stocks turned mixed yesterday with the market repeating: a familiar pattern once again. The Dow Jones industrial average faltered after rising above the 1,000‐point level and trading volume declined. The Dow industrial average closed with a loss of 3.93 points at 999.84. A fairly broad advance on Thursday put the popular average back up above the 1,000‐point level for the eighth time this year. On each of the previous occasions, however, profit taking set in and the average fell below what some analysts call the “psychological” barrier of 1,000 points or more.
Dow Jones Industrial Average: 999.84 (-3.93, -0.39%)
Born:
Neil Walker, American swimmer, 2000 and 2004 Olympic gold medalist; in Verona, Wisconsin.
Kamil Loud, NFL wide receiver (Buffalo Bills), in Richmond, California.
Dubravka Vukotić, Montenegrin actress (Budva na pjenu od mora, 12 reci), born in Montenegro, Yugoslavia.
Died:
Johnny Mercer, 66, American lyricist for multiple hit songs, including “Moon River”, “You Must Have Been a Beautiful Baby”, “On the Atchison, Topeka and the Santa Fe” and “Jeepers, Creepers!” from an inoperable brain tumor.
History Diaries 