The entry of Spain and Portugal into the European Economic Community is expected by Iberian leaders to fundamentally change the two nations, giving rise to both hopes and concerns. Spanish and Portuguese officials say the driving force in the years of negotiations over their entry was not economics, but rather politics and a yearning to belong to an ideal they call Europe. They see membership as a way of reaching across the Pyrenees to strengthen their young democracies and modernize their societies. “It means the culmination of a struggle of millions of Spaniards who have identified freedom and democracy with integration into Western Europe,” Prime Minister Felipe Gonzalez of Spain said in a recent interview. “Everything will change,” Portugal’s Prime Minister, Mario Soares, said in a separate interview. “Portugal will be a completely different country in five years, and it will be better for all Portuguese.”
The Spanish police have arrested 18 suspected members of the Basque separatist group E.T.A. Bilbao’s police chief, Miguel Planchuelo, told reporters Saturday night that one of those arrested was Felix Zabarte, leader of one of the guerrilla teams, who was suspected of involvement in 16 murders. Mr. Zabarte was stopped in a stolen car near Bilbao. The 17 other people caught in the roundup last Tuesday are said to belong to a key team of E.T.A., which is waging a violent campaign for a separate Basque state. E.T.A. violence this year has claimed 22 lives.
Bekir Celenk, on trial in absentia in the plot to kill Pope John Paul II, was taken into custody by Turkish officials upon his unexpected arrival in Istanbul. The Bulgarian news agency, BTA, said Celenk, who had been held in Bulgaria since December, 1982, was released after it was determined there was no proof of his involvement in the plot to kill the Pope. Celenk is one of eight defendants at the Rome trial. He faces charges in Turkey involving drug offenses and arms smuggling.
More than 1,000 soldiers and policemen sealed the route of a Protestant parade through a Roman Catholic neighborhood of Portaodwn in Northern Ireland today. Except for a few scuffles, the march proceeded quietly. But the Orange Order, a hard-line Protestant group, warned it would defy a police ban on using the same route during parades next weekend, raising the possibility of a major confrontation.There were brief scuffles today as about 50 demonstrators tried to lie down in the road, called the Tunnel, and three people were arrested.
Many of the more than 100,000 Roman Catholic pilgrims gathered at a commemoration ceremony in Velehrad, Czechoslovakia, chanted the name of Pope John Paul II, who was barred by Communist authorities from attending. The ceremony, one of the largest church festivals since the Communists assumed power in Czechoslovakia in 1948, marked the 1,100th anniversary of the death of St. Methodius, who helped bring Christianity to the Slavic people in the 9th Century.
More than any part of the Soviet Empire, it may be Central Asia that has made the longest social and economic leaps under Russian and Communist rule. It is a region that has been changed from a backward land of nomads and subsistence farmers into a productive region of gas wells, universal schooling and elaborate irrigation systems.
OPEC oil ministers failed in three days of talks to reach agreement on any changes in its pricing or production of oil. The lack of agreement among the ministers is seen by analysts as a setback to the group. Production is at a 20-year-low and prices are being undercut in the spot market by about $1 a barrel. The failure to act decisively was seen by oil analysts in the United States as a setback to OPEC. Oil Minister Subroto of Indonesia, who presided over the Vienna meeting, said the oil ministers of the 13 OPEC nations would meet again on July 22 in Geneva. That leaves open the possibility, according to oil analysts, that the organization’s contentious members could find a solution to its problems.
Lebanese Premier Rashid Karami declared that his government is “defunct to a great extent” and urged Syria to help restore security in Beirut, the official Syrian news agency reported. Karami spoke as he arrived in Damascus, where the Syrian government is mediating talks among Lebanese Muslim and Druze leaders on ways to halt clashes between Muslim factions in West Beirut and to revive a Christian-Muslim political dialogue.
Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi warned that he would impose a state of emergency in India — sharply limiting individual freedom — if such a step became necessary to halt violence and terrorism. Gandhi was asked at a news conference about the crash of an Air-India jumbo jet in the Atlantic on June 23 that killed 329 people. Two Sikh organizations that seek a separate nation in the Punjab reportedly have said they planted a bomb on the plane. Gandhi called for tough international action to deal with terrorism and strongly defended the authoritarian methods used by his late mother, Indira Gandhi, to quell unrest in 1975 when she was prime minister.
After two years of rising violence, the Government of Sri Lanka and leaders of the country’s major Tamil insurgent groups are to begin talks Monday to seek a settlement of their differences. Although he is not a party to the talks, Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi of India played a key role in bringing them about by putting heavy pressure on the Tamil groups to take part. Most of the groups are based in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu, where they are believed to have set up supply and training bases. Tamil guerrilla leaders seek a separate Tamil state in the northern and eastern part of the island nation, situated off the southern tip of India. They initially expressed skepticism about the talks after a three-month cease-fire was arranged last month. Some even talked of boycotting them.
Vietnam has promised to return the remains of 26 American military personnel who died in the Vietnam War, United States officials said. The promise followed a proposal by the Vietnamese to begin talks aimed at clearing up the question of missing Americans within the next two years. Officials traveling with Secretary of State George P. Shultz on a tour of Southeast Asia and Australia appeared surprised and delighted at the commitment, which was made to a United States military casualty research group that just ended a three-day mission to Hanoi.
Indonesia took two significant steps this week toward narrowing 20-year-old rifts that have separated the nation under President Suharto from the stormy Sukarno era. On Friday, President Suharto opened Jakarta’s new international airport and named it the Sukarno-Hatta Airport. President Sukarno and Mohammed Hatta, his Vice President until the two split over President Sukarno’s concept of “guided democracy,” proclaimed Indonesian independence from the Dutch in 1945.
A total of 528 forest fires have blackened 360,620 acres in British Columbia, and officials ordered the evacuation of about 1,600 people from the community of Canal Flats on Columbia Lake in the southeastern corner of the Canadian province. The evacuation was announced after a fire nearby spread from 3,700 acres to 11,000 overnight. Nearly 2,500 people are battling the fires, which have cost the province $23 million. The hardest-hit area was the Nelson forest district in the southeast.
Mexicans voted for candidates in nationwide elections for offices of seven state governorships, the 300 elected seats in the national Chamber of Deputies and hundreds of municipal and state legislative offices. The election is seen as an importaant test of the policies of President Miguel de la Madrid. The election has been closely watched, particularly in the north, where the opposition has been viewed as having a chance — although slim — to win a state governorship for the first time in post-revolutionary Mexico. Even before the polls opened today there were charges that the governing party was ready to use any means, including fraud, to prevent that.
American visitors who arrived in El Salvador recently were offered insight into the complexity and bitterness of the five-year-old war. Peasants carried signs condemning aerial bombing, a revolutionary priest spoke of “the oppressed” and guerrillas dressed as clowns pranced through political skits before a crowd of young children. The setting was the small, often-fought-over village of Perquin, which is the center of leftist rebel operations in northeastern El Salvador. A delegation of Americans arrived here Thursday at the invitation of the rebel high command to meet both guerrilla leaders and the local population.
Sudan will ask Egypt to extradite deposed President Jaafar Numeiri and will try him in absentia if Cairo does not hand him over, Prime Minister Dafallah Gazouli said. Sudanese activists allege that Numeiri had a “treasonable” role in the exodus to Israel through Sudan of thousands of Ethiopian Jews. Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak has already said he will not send Numeiri back to Sudan.
The president of Guinea said that the leader and co-conspirators of a coup attempt against him would be executed by a firing squad. The President, Brigadier General Lansana Conte, told an audience of more than 50,000 people gathered in front of the People’s Palace in the Guinean capital of Conakry that the coup leader, Colonel Diara Traore, had been arrested. The President said he had decided that the coup leader, a former Prime Minister, and his co-conspirators were to be shot by firing squad without delay, adding: “If anyone wants to intercede on their behalf in the name of human rights, he had better do it today, because tomorrow will be too late.” Colonel Traore went into hiding after troops loyal to the government crushed his attempt to seize power in this West African nation while General Conte was out of the country on Thursday night. A national police officer told reporters that Colonel Traore and 18 other conspirators were seized when their hideouts were disclosed by others during a nationwide manhunt.
Nelson Mandela, long-jailed leader of the African National Congress, said in a rare interview from Pollsmoor Prison that South Africa’s blacks want to share power with ruling whites-even at the price of racial restrictions for a limited time. “We want Johannesburg to remain the beautiful and thriving city that it is now,” Mandela, 66, told U.S. lawyer Samuel Dash in an interview carried in the New York Times. “Therefore, we are willing to maintain separate living until there are enough new employment opportunities and new homes to allow blacks to move into Johannesburg with dignity.”
The High Court reaffirmed its insistence on the constitutional barriers between religion and government in the term that ended last week. The Court handed down four decisions over the past month that reinforced beyond argument the principle that “government must pursue a course of complete neutrality toward religion.” The development confounded expectations that the Court would substantially relax the constitutional barriers and was a sharp setback for the Reagan Administration.
President Reagan returns to the White House from the weekend at Camp David.
Proposals to use lie detectors to search for spies and to impose the death penalty for espionage would violate fundamental constitutional liberties, said Morton Halperin, Washington director of the American Civil Liberties Union. Halperin called on Congress to reject anti-espionage proposals as unconstitutional. The proposals were contained in amendments to defense authorization bills. The real problems include “overclassification of information and excessive numbers of employees with access to sensitive information,” Halperin said.
Laws to enforce child support orders have been enacted by states seeking to comply with Federal standards for programs dealing with parents who fail to support their children. The standards, strongly endorsed by the Reagan Administration, were included in a law approved unanimously by Congress last August. A major purpose of the Federal law was to assist the growing number of children who live in one-parent households. Among the new measures are provisions for seizing income tax refunds or withholding wages from people who fall too far behind on child support. “There is a tremendous amount of activity in state legislatures addressing the issue this year,” said Fred Schutzman, the deputy director of the Federal Office of Child Support Enforcement.
More than a million Americans have purchased satellite dish antennas and pointed them toward the satellites that are the commercial capital of the communications industry. The growth of the industry, however, has produced a number of commercial, legal and environmental complications. The dishes can intercept programming that far exceeds even the most complete cable system’s, catching signals from as many as 150 broadcasters. Some of it is not intended for the home-viewing public, such as blacked-out sports events, video business meetings or, in one instance, when a network was tuning its cameras from the White House, an unsanctioned view of the President of the United States.
Scientists working with 11 bodies recovered from the police bombing of a barricaded house in Philadelphia in May are using new scientific technologies and old-fashioned detective work to identify the victims. The bodies, burned beyond recognition, were crushed and dismembered by tons of smoldering rubble. So far six have been identified by forensic scientists.
The hostages’ return was celebrated by the Roman Catholic parish of Saint Margaret Mary and the village of Algonquin. Many of the former hostages were present for a day of thanksgiving.
Chief Justice Warren E. Burger told an American Bar Association panel today that some advertising by lawyers is “sheer shysterism,” according to those familiar with his remarks. Furthermore, he recommended that people “never” hire lawyers who advertise. Mr. Burger has long opposed most forms of advertising by lawyers, but his remarks today were far harsher than they have been in the past.
Amtrak’s Seattle-to-Chicago Empire Builder passenger train, barreling along at 70 mph, jumped the tracks near the tiny town of Elmira, Ida., injuring at least 81 persons. A rail jammed into one car but missed the passengers, authorities said. All but the last car of the 12-car train left the tracks around 2:15 AM, and six coaches, two baggage and crew cars and both locomotives turned onto their sides, said Howard Kallio, spokesman for Burlington Northern railroad. He said the train was carrying 248 passengers and a crew of 19. Kallio said it appeared that the train was traveling 70 mph at the time of the wreck.
Power was knocked out for about eight hours in much of Utah Saturday night when lightning struck a substation that exploded, sending a ball of fire 70 feet high. More than a million people from Salt Lake City in northern Utah to St. George in the southwestern part of the state were blacked out. At a news conference today, Arvin Gibson, a spokesman for the Utah Power and Light Company, said the utility would investigate whether its electrical protection system operated properly in shutting down most of the state’s power lines Saturday. John Serfustini, a utility spokesman, said the bolt hit “dead center” in the substation’s main circuit breaker. “The substation that went out is a crucial station in the spinal column of UP&L’s system,” he said. “It’s like a cat’s cradle. When one part goes, the rest goes.”
Low-power testing of the Shoreham, New York, nuclear power plant began despite opponents’ complaints that it would contaminate the facility with radiation and add to cleanup costs if the plant is never put into use. New York state and Suffolk County had sued to keep the plant closed. The 805-megawatt, $4.2-billion plant is already 10 years behind schedule and about 10 times over budget. Before a full-power license can be granted, unresolved problems with emergency planning, including an evacuation plan for the region around the facility, must be settled.
The Center for Auto Safety, a group founded by consumer advocate Ralph Nader, charged that General Motors Corp. unevenly applied warranties for transmission repairs and asked the Federal Trade Commission to investigate the auto maker’s warranty program. The center contended that the automaker reimbursed totally or partially the owners of some GM cars after complaints about transmission failures, but refused to do so in other cases involving the same problem. The complaint involved 2.4 million 1980 through 1982 model X, A and J cars.
Trolley fans from around the country took a final ride on downtown Pittsburgh’s streetcars before the electricity was turned off for the last time. The system is being replaced by a new 1.1-mile subway system that was dedicated last week. Pittsburgh was the first city in two decades to take trolleys off downtown streets, an official said. Streetcars survive in six cities — Philadelphia, Boston, Cleveland, New Orleans, Newark and San Francisco.
Power was restored within eight hours for a million Utah residents who were plunged into darkness when a lightning bolt slammed into a Salt Lake City substation, utility officials said. Crews were working through the night to restore service to about 300 homes. The Utah Power & Light Co. said the outage caused little damage.
The Strategic Air Command received the first operational Rockwell B-1B Lancer, serial number 83-0065, Star of Abilene, at Dyess Air Force Base, Abilene, Texas. It flew for 17 years, 7 months, 23 days before being retired 1 March 2003 and preserved at Dyess.
Laboratory animals given free access to cocaine died at almost three times the rate of those given access to heroin, a new study has found. A researcher says this supports previous findings that cocaine is more addictive and toxic than heroin. Scientists implanted tubes in the necks of 23 rats so that each animal could administer narcotics into its bloodstream by pressing a lever in its cage. The rats were divided into two groups, one for each drug. After 30 days, 11 of the 12 cocaine-using rats were dead, a mortality rate of more than 90 percent, as against only four of the 11 heroin-using rats, a mortality rate of 36 percent, the researchers reported in Friday’s Journal of the American Medical Association. “The fact that the number of fatalities following unlimited access to cocaine was over twice that following unlimited access to heroin has obvious implications for human drug abuse,” said the researchers, Michael A. Bozarth and Roy A. Wise of Concordia University in Montreal.
Penthouse magazine will publish 17 pages of explicit nude photographs of rock star Madonna, Publisher Bob Guccione said. “The pictures were taken in 1979 when she was living in New York and working as a professional figure model,” Guccione said in a statement released in New York. He said photos of the 26-year-old singer and actress came from photography teachers, their students, amateurs and professionals. No publication date has been set. Madonna could not be reached for comment.
Wimbledon Men’s Tennis: Boris Becker beats South African Kevin Curren 6–3, 6–7, 7–6, 6–4 to become the youngest man (17) to win a Wimbledon singles title. For two weeks he beat a path on the grass courts at the All-England Club, defying tennis tradition and the logic that said he was too young to win. Boris Becker argued logic with a serve that earned him the nickname Boom Boom, and ignored tradition with the irreverence of youth. And today, the 17-year-old from West Germany wrote a storybook ending when he became the youngest champion in the history of the men’s singles at Wimbledon.
Major League Baseball:
The Mets won their sixth straight game and swept the four-game series from the Atlanta Braves by sweeping a doubleheader, 4–0 and 8–5. After falling as many as five games out of first place, they have climbed to within two and a half. Their pitching was unsteady – Sid Fernandez walked seven batters in six innings in the opener and Ron Darling gave up 10 hits and four runs in five innings of the second game -but they used big innings to pull out both. They scored all of their runs in the fifth inning of the first game and got a season-high six runs in the sixth inning of the second game, thanks to a two-run double by Knight and a two-run single by Gary Carter.
Floyd Youmans, ticketed for the minors after the game to make way for Gullickson coming off the DL, pitches the last 3 innings to get his first Major League win as the Expos outlast the Astros, 6–3 in 19 innings. A two-out error by Enos Cabell allows the winning run to score and a 2-run single by Mike Fitzgerald gives the Expos insurance. The 19-inning game tied the mark for the longest in the majors this year. The only other game as long was the Mets-Atlanta Braves game on July 4. Tonight’s game took 5 hours 12 minutes to play.
Cesar Cedeno hit a homer off Kent Tekulve in the 10th inning to give Cincinnati a 3–2 victory in Philadelphia. After Pete Rose grounded out to open the inning, Cedeno hit Tekulve’s first pitch over the left-field fence for his third home run of the season. John Franco (5–1) pitched 2 ⅔ hitless innings. Ted Power worked the 10th for his 15th save. Tekulve dropped to 4–4. The Phillies took a 1–0 lead off Frank Pastore with two out in the fifth when Juan Samuel walked, stole second and scored on a single by Greg Gross. The Reds tied it in the sixth off Shane Rawley.
LaMarr Hoyt of San Diego pitched a six-hitter for his ninth straight victory as the Padres blanked the Pirates, 3–0. Tim Flannery hit a two-run double during a three-run seventh inning. Hoyt (11–4) struck out two and walked none in pitching his eighth complete game and third shutout of the season. Hoyt has walked only 13 batters in 131 innings this season.
The Cardinals spanked the Dodgers, 7–1. John Tudor scattered eight hits for his eighth straight victory, and Ozzie Smith and Tom Nieto rapped two-run singles. Tudor, who is unbeaten since May 29, improved his record to 9–7 as he struck out four and walked one. Orel Hershiser (8–3) hurt himself by committing two of the five Dodgers errors. Willie McGee, Terry Pendleton and Smith each contributed three hits on the Cardinals’ 13-hit attack.
Leon Durham hit a pair of home runs, the second triggering a three-run rally in the sixth inning, to lead Chicago to a 6–5 victory over the visiting Giants. The victory ended San Francisco’s four-game winning streak and Chicago’s three-game losing string. The Cubs’ Ryne Sandberg went 0 for 3 after having hit safely in 18 consecutive games, the longest hit streak in the majors this season.
In an 8–3 loss to the Angels, Boston second baseman Marty Barrett nabs Bobby Grich with a hidden ball trick in the second inning. He’ll pull off another in two weeks. The Haloes Ruppert Jones paces the offense today with 3 hits, including a pair of homers, 3 runs and 3 RBIs. Reggie Jackson also had a home run, a two-run drive in the fourth inning, his 13th of the season. Kirk McCaskill (4–5) scattered nine hits for the Angels.
The Yankees moved closer to first place in the American League East yesterday than they have been since May 22, first pulling out a 3–2 victory over the Twins and then returning in the second game with a 14–2 drubbing that capped a doubleheader sweep and a series sweep over Minnesota. And in both victories, their third and fourth straight, the Yankees were led by the long ball. Dave Winfield’s 11th-inning homer capped the opening-game triumph. And four homers in Game 2, including a pair of three- run shots by Ken Griffey, brought them within four and a half games of the American League East-leading Toronto Blue Jays. Don Baylor had four RBIs in the nightcap.
The Royals defeated the Baltimore Orioles, 8-4, today to avert being swept in a four-game series for the first time ever at home. George Brett tripled, drove in two runs and scored three times for Kansas City. The Orioles took a 2–0 lead in the first inning on Fred Lynn’s run-scoring single and Floyd Rayford’s home run. But Brett tripled with one out in the third and scored on a single by Jorge Orta. Pat Sheridan walked and went to second on Dane Iorg’s single. Nate Snell relieved Storm Davis (4–5), and yielded a two-run single to left by Frank White that gave the Royals a 3–2 lead.
Ernie Whitt hit a three-run homer, and George Bell had a two-run drive for Toronto, as the Blue Jays thumped the A’s, 8–2. Jimmy Key (7–3) scattered five hits over eight innings, and Gary Lavelle finished up. Rance Mulliniks’s RBI-single in the first inning gave the Blue Jays a 1–0 lead off Steve McCatty (4–4). Bell hit his 16th homer in the third for a 3–0 lead. Damaso Garcia, who went 3 for 3, stroked an RBI-single to highlight a two-run rally in the fourth inning that put the Blue Jays ahead by 5–0. Dave Kingman hit his 21st homer in the Oakland fourth, but Whitt greeted the reliever Kirk Young in the fifth inning with his 10th homer of the season.
Darrell Evans hit a three-run homer in the eighth inning with the score tied at 2–2 to give Detroit a 5–3 victory over Texas. Evans connected for his 17th home run of the season after the reliever Greg Harris (2–2) walked Kirk Gibson and hit Lance Parrish with a pitch. Evans had been hitless in his previous 17 at-bats. Frank Tanana (4–7) gave up six hits over seven and one-third innings. Tanana struck out 10 and walked one. Willie Hernandez took over in the eighth when the Rangers scored on a triple by Curtis Wilkerson and a groundout by Bill Stein. Hernandez got the final four outs for his 18th save.
The Brewers edged the Mariners, 2–1. Rookie Ted Higuera, with ninth-inning help from Rollie Fingers, scattered five hits as Milwaukee snapped a four-game losing streak. Seattle had won four in a row. The only run Higuera (5–5) allowed came on Jim Presley’s fifth-inning home run, his 18th homer this season. Cecil Cooper’s first-inning single up the middle scored Paul Molitor to give the Brewers a 1–0 lead. Milwaukee made it 2–0 in the fourth on Ted Simmons’s single, which drove in Robin Yount, who had doubled.
The Indians routed the White Sox, 10–3. The Indians, scoring eight runs in the seventh inning, broke a five-game losing streak. Cleveland combined six hits, a walk and a Chicago error for its biggest inning of the season. The victory was the Indians’ first against the White Sox in eight games this year.
New York Mets 4, Atlanta Braves 0
New York Mets 8, Atlanta Braves 5
Boston Red Sox 3, California Angels 8
San Francisco Giants 5, Chicago Cubs 6
Chicago White Sox 3, Cleveland Indians 10
Montreal Expos 6, Houston Astros 3
Baltimore Orioles 4, Kansas City Royals 8
Minnesota Twins 2, New York Yankees 3
Minnesota Twins 2, New York Yankees 14
Toronto Blue Jays 8, Oakland Athletics 2
Cincinnati Reds 3, Philadelphia Phillies 2
San Diego Padres 3, Pittsburgh Pirates 0
Milwaukee Brewers 2, Seattle Mariners 1
Los Angeles Dodgers 1, St. Louis Cardinals 7
Detroit Tigers 5, Texas Rangers 3
Born:
Brandon Rush, NBA shooting guard and small forward (NBA Champions-Warriors, 2015; Indiana Pacers, Gloden State Warriors, Utah Jazz, Minnesota Timberwolves), in Kansas City, Missouri.
David Clowney, NFL wide receiver (New York Jets, Carolina Panthers), in Long Island, New York.
Leyson Séptimo, Dominican MLB pitcher (Chicagho White Sox), in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Died:
Guido Kisch, 96, Czech-American Jewish historian (“Jews in Medieval Germany”).
History Diaries 