The Arms Control and Disarmament Agency concluded in a study made public today that a nation conducting a major nuclear attack could suffer from ecological backlash against its environment and economy. Even if the attacking nation were not subject to nuclear retaliation, the study said, “it now appears that a massive attack with many large‐scale nuclear detonations would cause such widespread and long‐lasting environmental damage that the aggressor country might suffer serious physiological, economic and environmental effects.” The principal effect would probably come not from radioactive fallout, as long feared, but from depletion of the ozone layer in the stratosphere that shields the earth from the lethal effects of the sun’s ultraviolet radiation. The reduction in the ozone layer, the study observed, could result in crop destruction and climatic change that would deprive the attacking nation of essential crops for several years.
Hundreds of thousands of Spaniards today demonstrated in support of Generalissimo Francisco Franco in an attempt to counter foreign protests over the execution of five young terrorists. The 82‐year‐old General Franco quietly celebrated his saint’s day in El Pardo Palace, while more than 300,000 people massed in Seville to acclaim him as “savior of Spain” and denounce “European hypocrisy” in criticizing the executions a week ago. The commander of the Seville military region, addressing the throng, said Spain was under attack from Marxism and communism and called the attacks “insidious and cowardly.” In Málaga, heart of the Costa del Sol resort belt, 100,000 people, including many foreigners, turned out to cheer General Franco and his heir‐designate, Prince Juan Carlos de Borbón.
The United States and Spain announced agreement in principle on a five-year, wide-ranging accord including provisions for the continued used by American air and naval forces of bases in Spain. If Congress approves, officials said, Spain will receive military aid totaling from $500 million to $750 million. A joint statement issued after two weeks of talks in Washington and New York between Secretary of State Kissinger and Foreign Minister Pedro Cortina Mauri gave few details. But it said they had agreed on “a new framework governing cooperative relationships between the United States and Spain.” State Department officials said that, under the accord, the United States would be allowed to continue using all the present bases, but there might be some paring down in the American presence.
About 120 commandos broke into a regimental barracks in Oporto, Portugal, and expelled dissident soldiers whose unit had been ordered disbanded. In several other parts of the country a new wave of military dissidence erupted, provoking some commanders to counteraction. The conflicts reflected the role of the extreme left, which has gone well beyond Portugal’s Communist party in demanding immediate fulfillment of the “People’s Revolution.”
Portugal’s extreme Left was accused by Premier Jose Pinheiro de Azevedo of subverting military units around Lisbon, making the capital almost ungovernable and creating conditions for civil war. He told the weekly newspaper Expresso, “At the moment, the government does not have the complete possibility of governing Lisbon.” The paper said the possibility of moving the government from Lisbon had been discussed by the military’s Revolutionary Council.
West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt returned home after private talks with President Ford and other U.S. officials in Washington. After a conference with Mr. Ford, the chancellor said that the U.S. government and business community were “guardedly optimistic” about prospects for an improved world economy. Schmidt also met with Defense Secretary James R. Schlesinger and members of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee. He declined to spell out what was discussed.
Formerly classified documents made public by a court order in Washington have revealed that an Army spy infiltrated an antiwar lawyers’ group that sued the Army last year, charging that the service had spied on civilians in Germany. The documents included detailed reports of meetings between the informant and an Army contact officer. Specific mention was made of the pending suit in the informant’s reports.
Chancellor Bruno Kreisky faces a national election tomorrow that could leave his Socialist party unable to govern without a costly political deal. A close result is expected when voting ends tomorrow night after a lackluster campaign without major issues. Since the last election in 1971 the Socialists have had a parliamentary majority of only three seats — 93 against 80 for the conservative People’s party and 10 for the rightist Freedom party. Dr. Kreisky has virtually ruled out Socialist minority government, and many party officials are reconciled to a coalition with the Freedom party. But such a coalition might cause a split in the Socialist party.
Peter Samuel Cook, 47, the hooded rapist of Cambridge, England, was sentenced to seven concurrent life sentences for his admitted attacks on seven girls. He blamed pornographic films for driving him to commit his crimes, saying, “It was like living in hell, in another world…”
The Mobil Oil Company said today that American oilmen would take over tomorrow some of the oil wells Israel is returning to Egypt under the Sinai pact negotiated by Secretary of State Kissinger. Mobil said that the American oilmen would take over wells at Sudr, Asl and Ras Matarma on the eastern shores of the Gulf of Suez, 75 miles north of the main complex of Ahu Rudtis. It said the wells produce 3,000 barrels a day. Mobil will operate its wells in partnership with the Egyptian General Petroleum Company. Egyptian technicians will arrive at the fields in a month, diplomatic sources in Cairo said.
A group of four armed men attacked Beirut’s international airport early today in what was believed to have been an attempt to hijack an airliner and take Egyptian passengers as hostages to protest President Anwar el‐Sadat’s Middle East policies. Two persons were killed and 11 wounded, some of them seriously, in the hour‐long battle with Lebanese troops and internal security forces. Of the two killed, one was a would‐be hijacker and the other was a Lebanese police officer. Another gunman was wounded and a third was captured. The fourth escaped, but was later seized by the Palestine Liberation Organization and, handed over to the Lebanese authorities. Interrogation and other inquiries were being conducted under strict secrecy, but sources close to the investigators said that the gunmen were of four different Arab nationalities. The man killed was identified as a Syrian and the wounded man was said to be a Palestinian. The two others were described as a Lebanese and an Egyptian.
Saudi Arabia will allow Jews to enter the country and only demands religious certificates so Jews can be checked out to make sure they are not Israeli spies or soldiers, a top Saudi official said. Farouk Akhdar, a director of the Saudi Central Planning Organization, told the annual meeting of the Middle East Institute in Washington that it was. “literally and utterly untrue” that his homeland banned Jews.
Pakistan and Bangladesh jointly announced plans to open diplomatic relations following talks at the United Nations between the Pakistani minister of state for foreign affairs, Aziz Ahmed, and Bangladesh Foreign Minister Abu Sayed Chowdhury. Bangladesh seceded from Pakistan in 1971.
President Khandaker Moshtaque Ahmed of Bangladesh has announced plans for a general election in February, 1977, and the immediate release of all political prisoners to create a climate for a return to democracy. He said that Bangladesh would return to “the sunbeam of parliamentary democracy.” The President came to power last August after a coup in which the former Prime Minister Sheik Mujibur Rahman was killed. The President said in a nationwide broadcast last night that normal political activities would resume in Bangladesh next August.
The first of the power generators at the giant Canadian-aided Idikki hydroelectric project in the south Indian state of Kerala began trial runs, about four years behind schedule. Heavy monsoon rains and frequent labor disputes had delayed work on the project. The 130-megawatt generator is expected to be commissioned for commercial production in about three months and two more units of the same size are expected to begin production by the middle of next year.
The island of Mauritius plans to buy two Indian Ocean islands for the resettlement of Diego Garcia islanders displaced by plans to turn their original home into a U.S. naval base. Mauritius will buy the islands, part of its dominion territory, from a firm based in the island group of Seychelles. The islands, covering 6,200 acres, will be developed into coconut plantations, Mauritius said.
South Vietnam said in a Hanoi radio broadcast today that the United States should abandon plans to give South Vietnamese repatriates on Guam a ship on which to return home. But American officials who monitored the broadcast said that there was no indication that the 1,570 who want to return would not be welcome in Vietnam. “The United States is again attempting to take advantage of the legitimate aspiration of the forcibly evacuated Vietnamese to divert public attention, while at the same time continuing to carry out its plot against the Vietnamese people and violate Vietnamese sovereignty.” the broadcast said. “Authorizing Vietnamese abroad to return to their country is a matter that falls within Vietnam sovereignty,” it said.
The Chinese are triggering earthquakes with massive explosions in order to tap oil and other resources, according to the Communist New China News Agency. The agency said the technique was evolved by Shanghai’s Futan University in the 1960s, and was used last May to sink China’s first petroleum prospecting well in the Yellow Sea.
Hours before Emperor Hirohito of Japan arrived in New York, federal agents raided a Brooklyn apartment, where they seized a cache of arms that the agents believed might have been intended for use in an assassination plot against the Emperor. A man and a woman were arrested. The action followed leads supplied by the Federal Bureau of Investigation.
Taking time out from state functions to pursue his hobby. Japan’s Emperor Hirohito talked shop with scientists at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and the Marine Biological Laboratory on a visit to Massachusetts. Hirohito, recognized as one of the world’s foremost marine biologists, praised the research being done at the two facilities as one avenue of improving international relations. The emperor looked at a specimen of keratosum, a small marine animal about which he has written two scientific papers. One specimen was found this fall in the waters of Cape Cod, the first time one has been obtained since 1909. Hirohito talked with Prof. Sears Crowell of Indiana University, a fellow expert on hydrozoans, a class of marine animal that includes jellyfish. About 100 demonstrators protesting his countrymen’s killing of whales. were apparently unnoticed by the emperor and were far outnumbered by crowds applauding and waving Japanese and American flags.
Canada formally opened her new Mirabel International Airport outside Montreal. The airport is called the world’s largest and is designed to protect the environment and provide for Canada’s air travel needs well into the next century. Prime Minister Pierre Elliott Trudeau dedicated the sprawling facility at a ceremony that drew more than 1,000 guests to the sleek $80 million terminal 34 miles from Montreal.
A California woman, convicted last year of links to leftist Argentine terrorists, has dropped an appeal of her three-year sentence, apparently so she can be paroled from jail and deported, officials in Buenos Aires said. If Olga Talamante, 25, of Gilroy, who went to Argentina in 1973 as a student, had not revoked the appeal, she might have had to stay in jail six more months awaiting a decision, a U.S. Embassy official said.
In the midst of the chaotic three-part civil war in Angola, diamonds are still being mined in the Diamang, a vast, remote region that since 1917 has been administered as a private barony by an international consortium of mineral interests. The concession, which lies 800 miles east of Luanda, is twice the size of Massachusetts. There are 43 shaft and open‐pit mines in the region, which yielded 115 million carats — over 650 pounds — of gem and industrial diamonds last year, making Angola the fifth largest producer. Until the Portuguese coup in April, 1974, changed the political realities here and spawned the still‐growing conflict between the three guerrilla armies seeking independence, the Diamang was patrolled by a 500‐man private security force. Some 20,000 black African miners work there, as did 2,500 technicians, mostly Europeans. The Europeans, who were on two‐year contracts, lived with their families in company‐built housing, largely in the company‐built town of Dondo. Now, according to João Martins, a Portuguese who is a director of the company with offices here, almost all the Europeans have been frightened away by the war.
African and other delegations said today that they were stunned to learn that Daniel P. Moynihan, the chief American representative at the United Nations, had approvingly quoted a characterization of President Idi Amin of Uganda as a “racist murderer.” But Mr. Moynihan did not appear to be interested in what foreign diplomats had to say about his speech in San Francisco last night, in which he dealt with the Uganda President. “How do Americans react?” Mr. Moynihan asked in a telephone conversation just before he caught a plane back to New York. Mr. Moynihan recalled that President Amin, in his rambling message to the United Nations General Assembly Wednesday. had called for the “extinction” of Israel. This was “intolerable,” he said, and the American people had every right to expect somebody to tell the Uganda head of state, who at present is also chairman of the Organization of African Unity, that “you can’t do these things.”
Thousands of West Virginians cheered and applauded President Ford as he rode and walked more than a mile through the small West Virginia mountain town of Elkins as grand marshal of its annual festival. Despite severe security precautions, the President alighted three times from a glass-domed protective limousine to mix among crowds standing along Elkins Street.
President Ford flew to Newark tonight and addressed a Republican fundraising dinner. Warning that New Jersey faced an economically disastrous shortage of natural gas this winter, he repeated his call for its price deregulation.
President Ford’s campaign for the 1976 Republican presidential nomination has met some serious internal problems, and a new campaign director has been brought in to get things moving. White House officials and other pro-Ford party officers said in interviews that chief among the problems are a marked lack of grass-roots organizing — especially in the key early primary states of New Hampshire and Florida — and the absence of concrete plans for direct-mail fundraising.
Infiltration of Congress by the Central Intelligence Agency or Soviet intelligence was denied by a spokesman for the Senate committee investigating intelligence operations. The spokesman commented after Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield (D-Montana) said he had been assured by Senator Frank Church (D-Idaho), committee chairman, that investigators would look into the possibility of such infiltration. The spokesman said that the panel had investigated possible infiltration by Soviet agents and found none and that an investigation of possible CIA activity also had produced no evidence of infiltration. The CIA inquiry is not finished.
A group of 62 Republicans and 25 Democrats in the House sent a letter to President Ford asking him to support a constitutional amendment to prohibit forced school busing. The letter, released by Rep. Alan Steelman (R-Texas), said, “We’ve grown more and more frustrated with our apparent collective inability to do anything” about forced busing. It added that efforts to get a constitutional amendment out of the Judiciary Committee had been futile and stated that, if Mr. Ford lent his leadership and moral support to such an amendment, chances of shepherding such action through Congress would be greatly enhanced.
At 10 AM Monday, the Justices of the Supreme Court will enter their marble‐columned courtroom for the official start of the new Court year. It will be a year of uncertainty, largely because of the health of Justice William O. Douglas, who suffered a stroke last December 31. It will also be a year of great potential impact upon the nation’s political system, and on the working lives of minorities and women. The role of Justice Douglas raises several questions, starting with his ability to continue on the bench and extending to the effect of his health on such critical issues and possibly close votes coming up as the death penalty case and the ability of the Court to prevent any loss of public confidence as a result of his health.
No punishment is planned for 45 high-ranking military and civilian officials who violated “the spirit and intent” of a military regulation by accepting invitations from the Northrop Corp. to use its hunting lodge in Easton, Maryland, the Defense Department said. During the 1971-74 period in question, Northrop, a major aerospace contractor, was pushing hard for Pentagon acceptance of its version of a new jet fighter, a competition that still is not settled. Individuals involved have been reminded that they are prohibited from accepting gifts or favors from government contractors, a defense spokesman said.
The Washington Post published an abbreviated, 24-page edition for the second day and prepared to meet Tuesday with striking pressmen in the presence of a federal mediator. A spokesman for the Post said the newspaper, which is being printed in the plants of nonunion papers in Virginia, Pennsylvania and reportedly in Maryland, would continue in the abbreviated form at least through Monday. He said the Post was still awaiting estimates of damage to its presses, which the company said were sabotaged when pressmen began their strike last Tuesday night.
The conviction of a woman charged with fatally poisoning her husband will be appealed, her defense attorney said. Mrs. Elmer Conyers, of Florence, South Carolina, a 53-year-old grandmother, was accused of murdering two husbands with arsenic and giving nonfatal doses of arsenic to three other relatives. She was convicted of and given a life sentence for the death of her last husband, Milton Reece Conyers, 37, in 1973. The prosecution said the killings were motivated by greed.
Treasury Secretary William Simon proposed that banks holding New York City notes declare a form of debt moratorium to avert a city default, provided that the new Emergency Financial Control Board produces a “credible” plan soon for bringing the city’s budget back into balance. Mr. Simon also suggested a “temporary” addition to the state sales tax to help the city and an “immediate study” by the federal government of whether it should assume a greater share of the burden of welfare and possibly other municipal services.
Also in Washington, officials disclosed that Chancellor Helmut Schmidt of West Germany had expressed concern to President Ford that New York’s fiscal crisis could have a “domino effect” on financial centers in Europe.
The federal government’s largest educational research project is struggling to gain acceptance by its critics. The $30 million project, called the National Assessment of Educational Progress, seeks to gather at intervals census-like data on pupil achievement against which future generations of American schoolchildren can be compared. But the project, based in Denver, despite having generated 20 million pages of test results, is still criticized for the vagueness of its findings, which are not reported on a district-by-district or even state-by-state basis, and for paucity of interpretation of its findings.
The Labor Department has proposed a new standard to protect workers and their families from the lung-scarring and cancer-causing effects of asbestos. Millions of Americans are exposed to the mineral, which has a thousand uses, and cancers have caused more than 40 percent of the deaths among some groups of asbestos workers, a rate three to four times higher than that in the general population. The government’s existing asbestos standards have been widely challenged by labor groups.
Congress, beset by complaints, has ordered the Environmental Protection Agency to forget plans to make it tougher to park automobiles downtown as a means of discouraging car traffic in cities throughout the country. The House passed an appropriations bill that prohibits the agency from using federal funds to require limited parking. The Senate approved the bill by unrecorded voice vote and sent it to the White House.
The U.S. Bureau of Land Management’s off-road vehicle management program for 25,000 square miles of Southern California desert has been held to be valid by a Los Angeles federal judge. U.S. Dist. Judge Francis C. Whelan ruled against conservation groups, which brought the action, on grounds that the federal agency’s actions were “undertaken in good faith and were not arbitrary or capricious.” Conservationists had criticized the plan for not being restrictive enough, while four-wheel drive clubs had claimed the program did not give them adequate access to off-road areas.
Pink Floyd’s concept album “Wish You Were Here” reaches No. 1 in the US, goes on to sell 13 million copies.
Professional wrestler Johnny Valentine (John Wisniski), the reigning NWA champion, was paralyzed, and Ric Flair (Richard Fliehr) sustained a broken back, when the plane in which they were riding ran out of gas and crashed at Wilmington, North Carolina, killing the pilot. Despite being advised to give up the pro wrestling circuit, Flair would return to the ring after months of rehabilitation and an alteration of his style, and would go on to fame and fortune as “The Nature Boy”.
American League Divisional Championship Series, Game One:
Boston starter Luis Tiant allowed just one run on three hits to defeat the Athletics, 7–1, in the ALCS opener. Tiant struck out eight and walked three in a complete game effort, retiring the side in order in four innings. Juan Beníquez went 2-for-4 with an RBI and a run scored, Fred Lynn ended 1-for-4 with two RBIs, and Carlton Fisk went 1-for-4 with two runs scored for the Red Sox. Oakland starter Ken Holtzman was saddled with the loss by yielding five hits and four runs (two unearned) with four strikeouts and a walk in 6 ⅓ innings of work.
Oakland Athletics 1, Boston Red Sox 7
National League Divisional Championship Series, Game One:
The Reds Don Gullett hurls a complete game, and contributes a home run, a single, and 3 RBI to lead his team to an 8–3 win over Pittsburgh in the opening game of the National League Championship Series. The Pirates struck first in the second off Don Gullett when he hit Dave Parker with a pitch with two outs before Richie Hebner’s double and Frank Taveras’s single scored a run each, but in the bottom half, Gullett’s RBI single off Jerry Reuss with two on cut the Pirates’ lead to 2–1. Next inning, after two walks, Tony Perez’s RBI single tied the game and two outs later, Ken Griffey’s two-run single put the Reds up 4–2. In the fifth, the Reds loaded the bases with no outs off Larry Demery on a walk and two singles before Griffey’s sacrifice fly and Cesar Geronimo’s groundout scored a run each. Gullett’s home run then made it 8–2. Bob Robertson’s two-out RBI single with two on cut the lead to 8–3, but Gullett pitched a complete game to give the Reds a 1–0 series lead.
Pittsburgh Pirates 3, Cincinnati Reds 8
Born:
Ken Oxendine, NFL running back (Atlanta Falcons), in Richmond, Virginia.
Ken Anderson, NFL defensive tackle (Chicago Bears), in Shreveport, Louisiana (d. 2009, of a heart attack)
Died:
Joan Whitney Payson, 72, American heiress, businesswoman and philanthropist (co-founder and majority owner of MLB’s New York Mets).
May Sutton, 89, American tennis champion, Wimbledon women singles title 1905 and 1907, U.S. Open singles champion 1904
History Diaries 