Doctrine and tactics in the United States military forces are changing rapidly and significantly in view of the global proliferation of sophisticated “one shot, one kill” weapons whose effectiveness was demonstrated in the 1973 Arab‐Israeli war. The changes are greatest in the Army, whose Training and Doctrine Command has said, “The arms balance is such, and the voraciousness of modern battle is such, that the first battle of the next war may very well be its last battle.” This re‐evaluation of the nature of modern battle, to which the Navy, Marine Corps and Air Force also subscribe, requires not only changes in the manner in which combat forcer are trained but also, senior officers argue, an alteration in the public’s long‐held belief that although the opening battles may be lost, American industrial might and manpower resources, when brought to bear, can always restore the situation. “If we lose the first battle,” Lieutenant General Orwin C. Talbott, deputy commander of the Training and Doctrine Command, said, “there probably will not be enough military power left for a second battle because of the high rate of attrition in modern war.”
Retired Brigadier General Demetrios Ioannides, strong man of the deposed Greek military junta, was charged in Athens with conspiracy to commit sedition and will be tried by a criminal court, the government announced. Ioannides, former chief of the feared military police, and retired Col. Demetrios Papapostolou, plotted last winter to return Greek forces to the military wing of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization, the indictment said.
British mineworkers voted against demanding an immediate 60 percent wage increase when the next round of negotiations opens next winter. Their decision was viewed as aiding Prime Minister Wilson’s efforts to control Britain’s soaring inflation. The resolution, adopted after intense negotiation at the union’s policy-making conference, set a goal of wage rises eventually amounting to 60 percent, but said it should be sought without a specific time limit.
The Soviet Union paid its last $12 million installment on its World War II Lend-Lease debt July 1, the State Department said. An official in the bureau of European affairs estimated Moscow still owed about $722 million. But this balance is payable only after the United States grants Moscow nondiscriminatory trade treatment.
Kidnappers released landowner Angelo Malabarba on a country road near Milan, Italy, after 55 days of captivity and the payment of an undisclosed ransom by his family. The 65-year-old Malabarba had grown a long beard, could barely stand and was “in pitiful physical condition,” friends said. His nephew said the family paid the ransom after weeks of bargaining with the abductors.
A Netherlands court sentenced 17 former Dutch East Indians to prison terms varying from five years to four months for plotting to storm Queen Juliana’s palace in March and hold her hostage. In statements during the trial, the defendants said they had planned an attack on the palace to press demands for independence of their native South Moluccan Island — now part of Indonesia — and the release of Moluccan separatists jailed in Holland for bank robberies.
A U.S. Navy psychologist said that a report that he had told the London Sunday Times of the Navy training assassins to be stationed in U.S. embassies “is totally and blatantly false and absurd,” according to a statement released by the Navy. Lieutenant Commander Thomas Narut, stationed at a naval hospital in Naples, was summoned to London to discuss the report with Admiral Thomas Engen, chief of staff for the Navy in Europe. A Navy spokesman said Narut was speaking hypothetically in discussions with the paper.
Belgian authorities have authorized the destruction of hundreds of thousands of starlings with dynamite in the region of Liege to save the cherry crop. In the operation the birds are driven into specific areas by beaters and army explosives experts set off a charge, killing the birds with the shock wave.
Yitzhak Rabin, the first Israeli Premier to make an official visit to West Germany, began with a prayer at the monument to the 50,000 Jews who perished in the Bergen-Belsen concentration camp in World War II. He flew next to West Berlin and will go to Bonn today for two days of talks with Chancellor Helmut Schmidt and other West German leaders. The visit is seen by Israelis as a bridge between past and future in their relations, and an opportunity to speak through West Germany to all of Europe in an effort to present his country’s view of the Middle East crisis,
An explosion ripped through an Israeli army munitions depot in the Mediterranean town of Atlit, and a fire broke out at a facility in the town of Noo, an army spokesman said. He ruled out sabotage and said there were no casualties. However, the Palestine Liberation Organization in Lebanon said guerrillas had blown up two ammunition dumps and that a large number of Israeli soldiers were killed or wounded.
The Syrian Government today ordered Iraq’s military attache and his staff to leave Damascus in 48 hours, deepening a political quarrel between the two countries. At the same time, Iraq accused Syria of intrusions and “provocations” along their 400 mile border. In a note to the Arab League in Cairo, Baghdad said that Syrian warplanes had violated Iraqi airspace and that Syrian border patrols had ambushed several automobiles on the Iraqi side of the border. Syria earlier withdrew her military attaché from Iraq. Each has closed trade missions, some consulates and airlines offices in the other’s capital. Syria and Iraq have not closed their embassies however.
The obscure country politician whose lawsuit against Prime Minister Indira. Gandhi touched off India’s political crisis filed an appeal in the Supreme Court here today, seeking additional judgments against her. Raj Narain, who is one of several thousand Government opponents jailed in the crackdown that followed the Prime Minister’s conviction on two of the electoral charges he had made against her, asked the court to overturn rulings made in her favor on 12 other charges. Mr. Narain, who like the other prisoners is being held incommunicado, was not in court when his lawyers filed the appeal. Mrs. Gandhi’s lawyers also formally completed the filing of her appeal today, and the focus of the political turmoil that has torn India for nearly a month shifted back to the pink and beige Supreme, Court Building in downtown New Delhi.
Ahmed Abdallah became head of state of the tropical Comoro Islands, which Sunday unilaterally declared independence from France. The new president, who had been chief of the local administration of the four-island chain in the Indian Ocean, urged the 300,000 inhabitants to respect the life and property of French nationals and other foreigners.
An earthquake in the Burmese city of Bagan, ancient capital of the Kingdom of Pagan, damaged most of the important structures dating from the 13th Century, many beyond repair, and 80 percent of the city’s Buddhist temples. The earthquake occurred at 6:34 pm local time (12:04 UTC) in Bagan, Myanmar. Many important stupas and temples were destroyed. The strongest intensity was felt in the towns of Nyaung-U, Pakokku, and Yesagyo, and in the Myaing townships on the confluence of the Ayeyawady River. Damage was also reported in Chauk and Natmauk townships. It had a magnitude of Mw 7.0.
Three controversial “wartime security” bills were passed by the South Korean National Assembly before dawn today. They were described by members of President Park Chung Hee’s governing Democratic Republican party as designed to cope with threats from North Korea of the wake of Communist victories in Indochina. The most controversial of the measures was a “public security” bill that would place under government surveillance, and possibly internment, those convicted once of violating the anti‐Communist and national security laws or other security‐related laws.
The Japanese government undertook to work out its fourth package of measures this year to revive the country’s depressed economy. Even as International Trade and Industry Minister Toshio Komoto promised the action, angry dairy farmers dumped thousands of gallons of milk on the ground outside processing plants in Tokyo to protest the processors’ refusal to raise the purchase price to 38 cents a quart from 33 cents. Milk in Japan sells for about 67 cents a quart.
Atomic Energy of Canada Ltd. is negotiating with an Italian engineering company for the manufacture of nuclear reactors in hopes of selling them to Italy and broadening its market, an official of the government corporation said. The spokesman said the reason for the negotiations with the Italian firm of Projettezioni Meccaniche Nucleari was that the Italian government would buy reactors only from Italian firms.
Argentine labor leaders who ordered the general strike that began on Monday called it off after the government gave in to their wage demands. A few hours later, legislators at a surprise session quickly elected a provisional president of the Senate, next in line for the presidency of the republic. Filling the vacant post was viewed as another blow against President Isabel Martinez de Perón, who had opposed such a move on the ground that it would be interpreted as an invitation for her to resign. The new Senate president is Italo Luder, a member of the Perónist majority, considered a moderate with good relations with most opposition legislators and military leaders.
U.S. President Gerald R. Ford announced that he would run for President of the United States in 1976, in his first try for national office. Ford, described as “the first unelected President” because he had not run for either the Presidency or the Vice-Presidency, had succeeded Richard Nixon after having been appointed U.S. Vice-President in 1974. President Ford made his formal announcement that he would seek the Republican nomination for the presidency to which he succeeded 11 months earlier after President Nixon’s resignation. He pledged an open and lawful campaign and said he would never neglect his first duty as President. He told reporters later that he assumed he would succeed in his first quest for election to national office.
President Ford entered the 1976 Presidential campaign today as the clear favorite—the favorite not only to capture the Republican nomination, bat also to win the 1976 election. For a man who took office under the most trying of circumstances, and whose early actions were derided by many members of his own party, that is no small feat. But, as the cliché has it, overnight is a lifetime in contemporary politics. The same volatility in events and in the public mood that enabled Mr. Ford to climb so rapidly could also enable him to tumble rapidly before the voters go to the polis 16 months from now.
In the view of most politicians, the President’s recent success has resulted from a number of developments, some within his control and some entirely fortuitous. The passage of time has enabled Mr. Ford to impress upon the public his easy, open, Midwestern style, so sharply in contrast to that of his predecessor. Mr. Ford has been able to do this without straining, without pointing to his own virtues—and he appears to have gone down well with an electorate tired of inflated Presidential egoes and revolted by political chicanery.
The Ford Administration declined today to make a specific recommendation for tax reductions designed to increase the money available for business investment in new plants and equipment, although it has said for months that increasing such “capital formation” was one of the most urgent economic problems facing the nation. The failure of the Administration to make such a proposal was greeted with considerable criticism by Democratic members of the house Ways and Means Committee, which had asked several weeks ago that such recommendations be ready today.
The Central Intelligence Agency revealed for the first time portions of the report on domestic spying in the late 1960’s and early 1970’s that it delivered to President Ford last December. The report discloses that the spying, although begun under President Johnson, expanded significantly under President Nixon. It also discloses that Senator Stuart Symington and Representative Lucien Nedzi were briefed on the operations. CIA Director William E. Colby made public a hitherto secret report he made to President Ford last Christmas stating that the agency and its agents “overstepped proper bounds” and carried out “improper actions” in illegal domestic activities. There were no real surprises in the seven-month-old report as nearly all the material was covered in the Rockefeller commission report released by the President June 10.
There is no indication that shots were fired at an FBI helicopter that crash-landed on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation in South Dakota Friday while taking part in the search for the slayers of two FBI agents on June 26. The FBI believes the accident was caused by mechanical failure, a spokesman said in Washington in discounting earlier reports.
The staff of the new Federal Election Commission recommended that political parties be prohibited from accepting thousands of dollars in free services at their national conventions. The cost of most of those services — hotel rooms, convention hall, automobiles and even police protection — traditionally has been picked up by corporations.
Investigating reports that some of its Florida agents were being bribed, the Internal Revenue Service checked the tax returns of 950 persons whose names were overheard by an undercover investigator in bars frequented by the agents under suspicion. Operation Sunshine, as the 1971-73 project was known, picked up the names of many private individuals, judges, state and local officials, a congressman and a newspaperman, all of whom were “potential bribers of Internal Revenue people,” according to Warren A. Bates, head of the IRS inspection division. Bates told a House subcommittee, “We found nothing,” but the project did find possible misconduct by nine IRS employees. No disciplinary action was taken and Operation Sunshine was ended.
Democratic big-city mayors headed for a confrontation with President Fo on a $2 billion emergency aid program for recession-hit cities. Leading Democrats at the U.S. Conference of Mayors in Boston said they would insist on emergency help at a White House meeting with the President Thursday. They said they would press for extension of the five-year $30.2 billion revenue-sharing measure and passage of the $2 billion emergency aid bill and the public works bill.
The Upjohn Co. has been ordered by the Food and Drug Administration to warn that two of its most widely used antibiotics, Clindamycin and Lincomycin, “can cause severe colitis which may end fatally.” The FDA said the warning, to be included in all advertising, states that the drugs should be prescribed only for severe bacterial infections in patients allergic to penicillin. The two antibiotics have been implicated in 39 deaths, 13 since January, an FDA official said.
Fire believed set by an arsonist swept through a rundown skid row hotel in Portland, Oregon, killing eight persons and injuring 26. John A. Newvine, 62, who lives a block from the flame-swept Pomona Hotel, was arrested and charged with homicide and arson.
A federal grand jury in Newark is investigating allegations of widespread corruption among present and former leaders of the National Maritime Union, following two years of groundwork by the United States Attorney’s office and the Internal Revenue Service. Allegations include many years of possible kickbacks by the union’s present attorney to top officers, payoffs to them by shippers or investment brokers and misappropriation of union funds, according to sources close to the investigation.
The return of the updated streetcar system for cheap, pollution-free mass transit is being weighed in cities that abandoned it. In cities such as Boston, San Francisco, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh and others where trolley service has continued, “light rail transit” is again appreciated. This new image includes rights of way separate from other vehicular traffic for speedier service.
Lieutenant General Daniel James Jr., an African-American who will become a four-star general and commander of the North American Air Defense Command on September 1, says he has always followed his mother’s advice: “Don’t get so busy exercising your right to dissent as to forget your responsibility to contribute.”
It’s in the American tradition: the dream of all the ice cream you can eat. It’s a dream come true for Kurt Janssen, 12, and his brother, Cam, 9, who found a pouch containing $1,100 under a weeping willow tree when bicycling in the Chicago suburb of Long Grove. The grateful owner of the pouch was tracked down: Phil Schramm, owner of a new ice cream parlor, who said the pouch had been grabbed from his car and apparently thrown away by the panicky thief. He invited the boys to “come in every day for the rest of their lives… and have all the ice cream they can eat.”
The National Basketball Association suffered a second major blow yesterday when David Thompson decided to play for the Denver Nuggets of the rival American Basketball Association rather than the Atlanta Hawks of the N.B.A. The Nuggets already signed Marvin Webster, the premier big man in this year’s draft.
Major League Baseball:
A homer by Wayne Garrett in the first inning and three-run smash by Dave Kingman in the sixth carried the Mets to a 4–3 victory over the Braves. Felix Millan was safe on an error and Joe Torre walked ahead of Kingman’s decisive blow. The Braves had homers by Earl Williams in the second and Cito Gaston in the fourth before counting their last run in the eighth on a walk to Vic Correll and singles by Rod Gilbreath and Marty Perez.
Taking advantage of Tom Underwood’s wildness, the Reds defeated the Phillies, 2–1, for their 14th victory in the last 16 games. George Foster, who had four of the Reds’ eight hits, doubled in the second and strolled around the bases when Underwood walked Dave Concepcion, Merv Rettenmund and Pete Rose to force in the first run. Another pass to Rettenmund led to the deciding tally in the fourth. After drawing his free ticket, Rettenmund stole second, went to third on a grounder and scored on an infield hit by Ken Griffey. The Phils’ run off Gary Nolan counted in the seventh on singles by Dick Allen, Johnny Oates and Garry Madddox. Rawly Eastwick relieved and halted the rally.
Hitless in six previous trips, Fred Kendall came to bat again in the 15th inning and knocked in two runs with a single to give the Padres an 8–6 victory over the Cubs. Rick Monday homered with a man on base for the Cubs in the third, while the Padres had back-to-back blows by Bobby Tolan and Willie McCovey in the sixth. The Padres, who were trailing, 6–4, tied the score in the ninth with singles by Gene Locklear, Dick Sharon, Johnny Grubb and Tito Fuentes. In the 15th, Don Hahn doubled with one away. After an intentional pass to Dave Winfield, Hector Torres grounded out before Kendall, who was batting only .180, came through with the winning hit.
The Giants, after building up a 5–0 lead, survived a grand-slam homer by Ron Fairly and defeated the Cardinals, 6–4. The Giants scored their first four runs off Bob Gibson, including a homer by Bobby Murcer with a man on base. Ron Bryant, replacing Gibson, gave up his former teammates’ decisive run on singles by Gary Thomasson, Steve Ontiveros and Dave Rader in the fifth inning. In the Cards’ sixth, Luis Melendez singled and Ted Simmons and Buddy Bradford walked to load the bases for Fairly’s smash off Pete Falcone. The loss goes to Gibson, now 2–8.
Dave Roberts (5–10) pitched a four-hitter and also batted in two of the Astros’ runs with a pair of singles in a 5–1 victory over the Expos. Larry Parrish homered for the Expos’ run in the fifth inning. Steve Renko (4–7) took the loss for Montreal.
Two of the Dodgers’ All-Star pitchers, Don Sutton and Mike Marshall, combined to shut out the Pirates, 3–0. Sutton allowed three hits before aggravating an old groin injury and leaving the mound after Dave Parker led off the seventh inning with a single. Marshall finished the game on a yield of one hit. The Dodgers collected only three hits off Dock Ellis, but they included a homer by Jim Wynn in the sixth. Their two other runs were unearned as a result of a passed ball in the third and an error in the fourth.
Fred Lynn, sidelined with a jammed wrist, came off the Red Sox bench as a pinch-hitter in the ninth inning and drove in a run with a single to defeat the Twins, 5–4. Jim Rice beat out an infield hit to start the stanza and Cecil Cooper sacrificed. After an intentional pass to Carlton Fisk, Rick Burleson worked Tom Johnson for another walk to load the bases before Lynn made his appearance.
Joe Coleman and John Hiller combined on a shutout and Ron LeFlore and Leon Roberts hit homers as the Tigers defeated the White Sox, 3–0, for their seventh straight victory. LeFlore hit his homer off Wilbur Wood in the fourth and then singled ahead of Roberts’ rap in the eighth.
Catfish Hunter posted his fifth shutout and 12th victory of the season for the Yankees, defeating the Rangers, 4–0. Hunter gave up seven hits, but the only Ranger to solve his offerings with consistency was Mike Hargrove, who rapped a double and two singles. The Yankees put the game away in the first inning when Roy White singled and Ron Blomberg homered.
The Royals jump on Milwaukee starter Bill Travers for 5 runs in a third of an inning and flatten the Brewers, 9–1. Sending 11 men to bat, the Royals erupted for five runs in the first inning and breezed to a victory over the Brewers. Harmon Killebrew contributed to the outburst with a two-run double. John Mayberry added three more runs to the Royals’ total with a homer in the fourth. Dennis Leonard, who pitched the route, gave up nine hits, but the Royals backed their rookie with four double plays. George Scott homered in the seventh for the Brewers’ run. Mike Hegan pinch hits for Hank Aaron, the 6th time in Aaron’s career that’s occurred. All the pinch hitters have been lefties.
The Orioles handed Nolan Ryan his fifth straight setback by scoring three times in the 10th inning to defeat the Angels, 8–5. Jim Palmer, who started for the Orioles, was one out away from victory when the Angels rallied to tie the score with a two-run single by Dave Chalk. Doyle Alexander relieved, struck out Ellie Rodriguez and wound up the winner. In the 10th, Broks Robinson drew a pass from Ryan. When Elrod Hendricks bunted, John Doherty threw wildly to second, trying for the forceout. Both runners advanced an extra base on the error and scored when Mark Belanger singled. Belanger later crossed the plate with the last run on a sacrifice fly by Bobby Grich.
The Athletics, after scoring four runs in the first inning, broke the game wide open with seven more in the fourth and rolled over the Indians, 15–5. Gene Tenace drove in four runs with a homer and single in the 14-hit attack. Bert Campaneris, Claudell Washington and Billy Williams batted in two runs apiece. Williams accounted for his RBIs with a homer. Ken Holtzman, although staked to a 13–2 lead, failed to last the route and was lifted after 8 ⅔ innings. Jim Todd finished. The Indians’ 12 hits, 10 off Holtzman, included a homer by Bill Sudakis.
New York Mets 4, Atlanta Braves 3
Minnesota Twins 5, Boston Red Sox 6
Baltimore Orioles 8, California Angels 5
San Diego Padres 8, Chicago Cubs 6
Philadelphia Phillies 1, Cincinnati Reds 2
Chicago White Sox 0, Detroit Tigers 3
Montreal Expos 1, Houston Astros 5
Milwaukee Brewers 1, Kansas City Royals 9
Texas Rangers 0, New York Yankees 4
Cleveland Indians 5, Oakland Athletics 15
Los Angeles Dodgers 3, Pittsburgh Pirates 0
San Francisco Giants 6, St. Louis Cardinals 4
Dow Jones Industrial Average: 857.79 (-3.29, -0.38%)
Born:
David Terrell, NFL safety (Washington Redskins, Oakland Raiders), in Floydada, Texas.
Cecil Martin, NFL fullback (Philadelphia Eagles, Tampa Bay Buccaneers), in Chicago, Illinois.
David Moraga, MLB pitcher (Montreal Expos, Colorado Rockies), in Torrance, California.
Elias “E. Vil” Viljanen, Finnish heavy metal guitarist (Sonata Arctica), in Tampere, Finland.
History Diaries 