The new Khmer Rouge regime in Cambodia began the Cambodian genocide, a coordinated effort to purge private citizens associated by the new government as impediments to the revolution. Between 1975 and the 1978 invasion of Cambodia by Vietnam, an estimated 1.3 million people would be executed out of a population of 7.8 million. Although executions of public officials of the old regime had taken place after Phnom Penh fell, May 20 is now commemorated in Cambodia as the date that the Khmer Rouge campaign against private citizens began and is a public holiday, the “National Day of Remembrance”
The Lebanese Civil War is intensifying. Two persons were killed and 20 wounded today in renewed fighting in a Beirut suburb between Palestinian guerrillas and members of the right‐wing Phalangist party. Rockets, mortars and machine guns were being used in the fighting. Wafa, the press agency of the Palestine Liberation Organization, accused the Phalangists of having started the shooting in an attempt to force the inhabitants of the nearby Palestinian refugee camp of Tal al‐Zastar to leave.
Pro‐Palestinian newspapers here said that rockets and mortar shells were being fired into the camp, which has about 6,500 inhabitants. It is one of six refugee camps in the Beirut area. There are nine other refugee camps in Lebanon. About 90,000 Palestinians live in the camps and about 200,000 others live in Lebanon outside the camps. The Tal al‐Zaatar camp and the Dikwaneh suburb, the scene of the latest outbreak of fighting, are in the same district and are not far from the suburb of Ain al‐Rummaneh where 27 Palestinians were killed on April 13.
Members of the Phalangist party’s militia have been accused in that incident, which led to a week of fighting that took about 300 lives. A Phalangist leader said in an interview this week that the party’s militia had 6,000 members. The total membership of the Phalangist party has been reported as 75,000. The party, made up mainly of Christians, is strongly opposed to the presence of Palestinian guerrillas in Lebanon.
Secretary of State Kissinger and Soviet Foreign Minister Andrei Gromyko agreed in Vienna to try to cooperate on a framework for reconvening the Geneva conference on the Middle East, newsmen traveling with Mr. Kissinger were told. They also heard that the two diplomats would discuss details, probably in July somewhere in Europe. The newsmen were informed that the Palestine Liberation Organization must participate in the conference, in Mr. Gromyko’s view, but that he was flexible on the timing of their role. Some progress was apparently made toward nuclear arms talks.
An international panel has unanimously recommended drastic changes in the United Nations structure for dealing with economic issues. The first major attempt at revision in United Nations history would seek increased collaboration between rich and poor countries. Instead of confrontations and voting showdowns in which developing third-world countries easily outnumber the industrial powers, there would be an intricate process of negotiating disputes to reach consensus. The new post of Director General for Development and International Economic Cooperation would rank second only to the Secretary General.
More than a million government workers walked off the job throughout Italy in a week-long strike that will stop trains and planes and close schools and hospitals. The country’s three biggest labor unions called out civil servants and employees of state-controlled industries in advance of next fall’s contract negotiations to demand administrative reforms.
The Portuguese government shut down the Socialist Party newspaper Republica pending a decision by a special press tribunal on the seizure of the newspaper by Communist workers. A spokesman for the Information Ministry said that Lisbon’s only non-Communist daily must cease publication until the court rules on the dispute. The decision came after a visit by high government officials while Socialists kept a vigil through the night outside the offices. Meanwhile, the U.S. Embassy said two off-duty American marines were detained and beaten by Maoists in downtown Lisbon.
A Paris judge charged two American Black Panthers with hijacking an airliner in the United States and forcing it to Algeria on June 2, 1972. The decision to prosecute William Holder, 26, and Catherine Kerkow, 24, comes under an international agreement signed in 1970 and an article of the French criminal code stipulating that suspects accused of hijacking an aircraft abroad can be tried in France. The two face a maximum penalty of life in prison.
More than a third of the Jews permitted to leave the Soviet Union recently have decided to settle in countries other than Israel, primarily the United States. This development, noted over the last few months by both the government and refugee organizations in the United States, marks a significant shift in the pattern of Soviet Jewish emigration. For example, in May, 1973, only 3 percent of Soviet Jewish émigrés went to countries other than Israel. In the first half of this month, 45 percent decided against going to Israel. The reasons for the shift are unclear. Both government experts and officials in refugee organizations assert that they can only speculate. Among the reasons given are the high cost of living in Israel, fear of another war in the Middle East, a belief that educational opportunities are better in the United States and a desire by professional people to broaden their experience.
Leonid I. Brezhnev, the Soviet leader, who was absent from official view for seven weeks last winter, reportedly because of illness, is now expected to be out of sight again for at least three weeks, according to reports circulating here today. Some embassies have reportedly been notified that Mr. Brezhnev would not be making any personal appearances because of what has been varyingly described as medical treatment and check‐up on past ailments.
The Association of European Airlines contended yesterday that the main cause of excess airline seats and attendant losses on North Atlantic routes was the proliferation of American charter flights.
The Shah of Iran said after talks with President Valery Giscard d’Estaing that a resumption of the oil producer-consumer dialogue which broke down in Paris in April was possible before September. Iran and its partners in the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries will shortly reconsider the price of oil after a year-long freeze which ends in September.
Two Burmese Communist Party leaders have died while fighting the Rangoon military regime, a Peking broadcast said. They were identified as Chairman Thakin Zin and Secretary Thakin Chit. Burma, a neutralist nation sharing a vast stretch of border with China, recently said it had curbed a Communist rebellion and that remaining Communist activities in the northeast area adjoining China can be contained.
Communist-led Pathet Lao troops occupied the central Laotian city of Savannakhet, where student demonstrators have been holding American aid officials and their dependents under house arrest. The Pathet Lao forces have now entered virtually all major towns in the southern area formerly under rightist control. The takeover in Savannakhet came without violence and with the rightist general commanding the region on hand to welcome the Pathet Lao commander.
Saigon still lacks a civilian government three weeks after the Communist takeover. Markets and shops are open but banks are still closed, international air schedules are not met and cable traffic is limited. There is talk of reunification with North Vietnam, perhaps within the year.
Thai Premier Kukrit Pramoj said today that a hasty withdrawal of United States forces could create problems for the Thai Government. He told reporters that it might be difficult for Thailand to take over the four United States, air bases and other facilities without preparation. Protest groups have demanded the withdrawal of the 27.000 United States servicemen from Thailand after an uproar over the Mayaguez incident. Only yesterday, with demonstrators besieging its gates, the United States embassy was forced to express regret for American use of the U Tapao air base to airlift marines to help rescue the container ship Mayagüez from Cambodia.
South Korea called on the United States to demonstrate by deeds, including additional military aid, that the Indochina debacle will not be repeated in Korea. In a five-point resolution, the National Assembly declared “to resolutely crush any provocation or invasion by North Korea.”
Former Japanese Prime Minister Eisaku Sato remained unconscious and in critical condition after suffering a stroke during dinner at a Tokyo geisha restaurant Monday night. Sato, 74, helped transform postwar Japan into an economic giant and won the Nobel Peace Prize in 1974. He collapsed during a meeting with political and business leaders at the Shinkiraku restaurant. His condition was such that physicians dared not move him from the restaurant.
The Philippine Government said today that it was stepping up its defense program to achieve self-reliance in the face of a forthcoming review of security arrangements with the United States.
The Uruguayan armed forces and police were confined to their barracks apparently in connection with a dispute between the military and President Juan Maria Bordaberry, informed sources said. The measure, canceling all leaves and ordering all military and police personnel to report for duty, was taken after the military demanded that the president reinstate Eduardo Peile, director of the National Meat Institute. Bordaberry fired Peile Monday for allegedly disobeying a presidential order.
Prime Minister John Vorster of South Africa refused today to confirm or deny a report in The Times of London that he had tried to arrange a conference with the heads of state of Kenya, Zaire, Nigeria and Liberia. The Times had said the attempt was made in an exchange between the South African and Liberian Governments. The negotiations with President William R. Tolbert Jr, have continued since Prime Minister Vorster visited Liberia in February, the article added.According to Mr. Vorster, the report could only be seen as an attempt to sow suspicion and disturb South Africa’s and Rhodesia’s relations with other African states at a time when South Africa, Rhodesia and black Africa were trying to find a peaceful solution to delicate problems.
The House Democratic leadership, facing solid Republican opposition and deep divisions among Democratic members, postponed indefinitely a House vote on legislation to raise the federal gasoline tax and take other steps to conserve energy. It appeared that a vote this week would have killed the measure. The delay raised the possibility that President Ford would no longer delay his plan to add $1 a barrel to the import fee. He may act before the House returns June 2 from the recess.
The House of Representatives, in its first expression since the Vietnam war of its attitude on military policy, voted 311-95 against an amendment requiring a reduction of 70,000 in the 416,500 troops stationed abroad, and 216-183 against a cut in new weapons programs. The new Congress with its 75 freshman Democrats had seemed more critical of the defense budget, but this attitude changed perceptibly after American policy in Indochina collapsed.
The U.S. House of Representatives voted 303-96 to admit women to the previously all-male service academies at West Point, Annapolis, and Colorado Springs. The Senate would follow suit, and the bill signed into law in June.
President Ford vetoed a strip-mining bill meant to protect and restore the landscape, saying the cost would be too high for workers, consumers and the nation. The bill’s House sponsors will seek a quick override today of the President’s second veto of a strip-mining bill in five months. The Administration and the coal and electric utility industries immediately pressed a major lobbying effort to sustain the veto. Informal counts by both sides —by Republican whips, White House legislative aides and industry representatives on the one hand, and by Democratic labor union and environmentalist groups on the other—were reported to be too close to predict an outcome.
Felipe de Diego, one of the men recruited by the White House “plumbers” for the 1971 break-in at the office of Daniel Ellsberg’s psychiatrist, has been cleared of all charges. At the request of the Watergate special prosecution force, U.S. District Judge Gerhard A. Gesell, sitting in Washington, D.C., dismissed a charge that De Diego conspired to violate the civil rights of the psychiatrist, Dr. Lewis J. Fielding of Beverly Hills, by participating in the burglary. De Diego, 46, is in the real estate business in Miami.
Former California Governor Reagan said in a Washington interview that Republicans should hold an “open” nominating convention in 1976 unless President Ford developed overwhelming national support by then. Reagan said he had made no decision yet on whether he would challenge Mr. Ford for the nomination, saying he would do so only if he found in the next six months “a lack of deep support for the President and an indication that people want wider choices.” Reagan also rejected the suggestion made earlier by former Defense Secretary Melvin R. Laird, a close friend of Mr. Ford, that the GOP have an open convention for the vice presidential nomination.
The nation will face a higher and growing crime rate as long as unemployment is permitted to grow, a broad range of witnesses, including Speaker Carl Albert, told a legislative forum today. The purpose of the meeting, sponsored by the Congressional Black Caucus, was to open a campaign for full‐employment legislation introduced by Senator Hubert H. Humphrey of Minnesota and Representative Augustus F. Hawkins of California, both Democrats. Speaker Albert led off the testimony by calling widespread joblessness, which has hit minorities harder than others, “an atomic bomb in every street in America.” “You can’t have law and order if you have people who cannot get jobs to feed their families and children,” the Oklahoma Democrat said.
The United States Department of Labor ordered Mayor Beame to dismiss seven municipal neighborhood workers paid with federal money on the ground that they had been hired because of political ties to the Democratic party. Mr. Beame said he would comply. In a joint statement he said that the seven persons appeared to be qualified for the jobs but that the circumstances of their hiring taken as a whole violated federal rules on political discrimination.
Mayor Frank L. Rizzo, piling up overwhelming pluralities in Philadelphia’s white ethnic areas and showing broad strength in most other wards, won the Democratic nomination for Mayor by a substantial margin tonight. In his own neighborhood of South Philadelphia, the Mayor fled by ratios of 20 to 1 in precinct returns over his opponent in the Democratic mayoral primary, State Senator Louis G. Hill, a low‐key legislative technician whose major campaign tactic was a broad attack on Mr. Rizzo. Most other precincts gave the Mayor varying margins and he was even able to win in some precincts in predominantly black areas, where he was expected to fare badly.
When the Senate Interior Committee votes tomorrow, as scheduled, on President Ford’s nomination of Stanley K. Hathaway as the new Interior Secretary, it will be judging a man who has widespread, bipartisan and even some environmentalist support in his home state. At the committee’s hearings, there has been considerable controversy about the former Wyoming Governor’s record. During his eight years in the state house, he encouraged strip mining, oil drilling and other energy development at what some thought was the expense of environmental quality. But Wyoming is solidly behind him.
The Illinois Environmental Protection Agency withdrew the statewide citizens advisory it had issued Sunday when ozone readings in Chicago exceeded the safe limit of .07 parts per million parts of air, but said it expects high ozone levels to continue. The Chicago Department of Environmental Control had asked persons with heart and respiratory conditions to curtail activity as long as the warm, high-pressure system that has accompanied the ozone buildup persists. The state EPA said a reading of .094 ppm of ozone was recorded in downtown Chicago Sunday, with a reading of .097 ppm in East St. Louis.
A Federal Power Commission economist, Robert G. Uhler, suggested in Washington, D.C., that the Bonneville Power Administration reward customers who use electricity during off-peak consumption hours of the day. Uhler, chief of economic studies for the commission, said variable rates, if passed along to consumers. could level out peak periods of energy demand.
A cyanide solution spill from an abandoned mining operation on federal land 15 miles north of Barstow must be cleaned up, the U.S. Bureau of Land Management was told. The order was issued by the Lahontan Regional Water Quality Control Board, which indicated a possible threat to underground water from a spilled tank. The mining claim had been worked by the Leeco Gas and Oil Corp.
A storm system, packing high winds, moved through northwest Arkansas today, injuring 10 persons at Alma and disrupting National Guard training at Fort Chaffee, which is doubling as a Vietnamese refugee relocation.
The 174th and final episode of the NBC police drama “Adam-12” was broadcast, ending a seven-season run for actors Martin Milner (as officer Pete Malloy) and Kent McCord (as officer Jim Reed).
Barry, balance and bench — the Warriors’ three B’s — helped carry Golden State to a 92–91 win over Washington in Game 2 of the NBA Finals at the Cow Palace. Rick Barry scored a game-high 36 points. The Bullets got 30 points from Cal alum Phil Chenier and 20 rebounds from center Wes Unseld, but the East champions fell behind 2-0 in the series. Warriors head coach Al Attles used six reserves, and the Golden State bench outscored Washington’s 29–9. And even with Unseld’s 20 boards, the Warriors outrebounded the Bullets 58–49; two Golden State forwards — Barry and reserve Derrek Dickey — had nine rebounds, and four others each had eight. The Warriors had won the opener 101-95 on the road, then the series moved to the Bay Area for Games 2 and 3. The Coliseum Arena had booked the Ice Follies, forcing the Finals to an odd scheduling format (yes, the Ice Follies caused alterations to the NBA Finals). The Warriors’ two home games in the Finals were in the venerable Cow Palace in Daly City.
In Game 3 of the NHL championship, a hot, humid evening in Buffalo, New York, the temperature inside Memorial Auditorium reached 90 °F, causing a foggy mist to hover over the ice hockey rink. By the third period, the mist was thick enough that the puck was difficult to see. Play was halted 15 times so that the fog could be dispersed (by having players from both teams skate around the rink). The fog began to form just minutes after another odd incident: A bat in the arena, which flew above and around the players for the majority of the game, until Sabres center Jim Lorentz killed it with his stick. Many superstitious Buffalo fans considered this to be an ‘evil omen’, pertaining to the result of the series. The hometown Sabres tied the game 4-4 against the Philadelphia Flyers, then won 5-4 in sudden death overtime as a shot by Rene Robert got past Flyers’ goalie Bernie Parent.
Major League Baseball:
The Yankees’ Roy White doesn’t particularly like batting third, but he did pretty well from that spot last night. He went four for four, batted in two runs and scored two in support of Pat Dobson’s six‐hit pitching in a 6–0 victory over the Kansas City Royals.
The Oakland’s A’s are baseball’s world champions, but the Boston Red Sox seem somewhat less than impressed by that fact. The proper Bostonians walloped the A’s at Fenway Park for the second successive night, this time on the two‐hit pitching of Bill Lee. The score last night was 7–0, and the individual victim of the Boston bats was Vida Blue, who sought his ninth victory but suffered his second loss. Rollie Fingers, the A’s best reliever, didn’t fare too well, either. The Ren Sox blasted 10 hits off Blue, Fingers and two other relievers. The assortment included home runs by Jim Rice, Tony Conigliaro and Juan Beniquez. Conigliaro went 2 for 4 at bat as the designated hitter and drove in a pair of runs.
George Scott tripled home the tying run and scored the deciding one on a pinch‐hit grounder by Mike Hegan with one out in the 10th inning to lift the Brewers to a 7–6 victory over the Rangers. Bobby Mitchell opened the 10th with a single to left, his fourth hit of the game, off Jackie Brown, and scored on Scott’s long hit over the head of Willie Davis in ceterfield.
The Tigers beat the Twins, 5–3. Dan Meyer’s two‐run triple and Bill Freehan’s two‐run double keyed Detroit’s five‐run sixth and Mickey Lolich (4–3) pitched the distance to post his first victory in his last four decisions The scoring burst, aided by three Minnesota errors, came against Dave Goltz (2–4) who had a one‐hit shutout until the sixth.
The Cleveland Indians trade pitchers Dick Bosman and Jim Perry to the Oakland A’s for pitcher Blue Moon Odom and cash.
Jerry Koosman, with help from Bob Apodaca in the last two innings, held the Big Red Machine to seven hits tonight and was backed by a 13-hit attack as the New York Mets downed the Cincinnati Reds, 6–2, at Riverfront Stadium.
The Braves thumped the Expos, 9–4. Vic Correll drove in five runs, four on a grand‐slam homer, and Dusty Baker hit a three‐run blast as both players tied for the league home‐run lead at eight with Bob Watson of Houston and Greg Luzinski of Philadelphia. Baker’s homer came in a four‐run first inning off Woodie Fryman, who suffered his first loss after four triumphs. Singles by Baker and Mike Lum and a hit batsman filled the bases before Correll’s homer in the eighth. It was the Atlanta catcher’s fifth in the last five games.
The Astros defeated the Phillies, 4–2. Cesar Cedeno scored a pair of runs, incuding the deciding one during a two‐run eighth inning, and Ken Forsch pitched 2 ⅓ innings of scoreless relief to even his record at 2–2. Cedeno, breaking from first base on the pitch, went all the way home on Bob Watson’s single to rightcenter in the eighth to give the Astros a 3–2 lead. Doug Rader then singled home the other run.
Dave Winfield drove in three runs with a double and his eighth homer to power the Padres to a 5–2 win over the Cardinals. Alan Foster pitched eight shutout innings after the Cardinals scored twice in the first. Foster finished with a seven‐hitter against his former teammates. San Diego scored three runs in the third and then got two more in the fifth on Winfield’s homer.
The Cubs edged the Dodgers, 2–1. Doubles by Jose Cardenal and Bill Madlock, produced two runs in the first inning and Bill Bonham hurled a two‐hitter. The Cubs got to the loser, Don Sutton, quickly. Cardenal doubled with one out, advanced to third on a passed ball as Rick Monday walked and scored on Madlock’s double. Monday tallied when Adrian Garrett grounded out.
Willie Montanez drove in three runs with a homer and Gary Matthews and Dave Rader had a pair of RBI each in a 16-hit attack that carried the Giants to a 12–4 victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates in San Francisco.
Montreal Expos 4, Atlanta Braves 9
Oakland Athletics 0, Boston Red Sox 7
New York Mets 6, Cincinnati Reds 2
Philadelphia Phillies 2, Houston Astros 4
Chicago Cubs 2, Los Angeles Dodgers 1
Texas Rangers 6, Milwaukee Brewers 7
Detroit Tigers 5, Minnesota Twins 3
Kansas City Royals 0, New York Yankees 6
St. Louis Cardinals 2, San Diego Padres 5
Pittsburgh Pirates 4, San Francisco Giants 12
Dow Jones Industrial Average: 830.49 (-7.20, -0.86%)
Born:
Isaac Gálvez, Spanish racing cyclist (Olympics, 2000; 1st Madison (with Joan Llaneras), UCI Track World Championships, 2000, 2006), in Vilanova i la Geltrú, Spain (d. 2006, in a cycling collision).
Amaury García, Dominican MLB second baseman (Florida Marlins), in Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic.
Luis García, Dominican MLB shortstop and second baseman (Detroit Tigers), in San Francisco de Macoris, Dominican Republic.
Died:
Fiame Mata’afa Faumuina Mulinu’u II, 53, Prime Minister of Western Samoa (now Samoa) since its independence in 1962.
Barbara Hepworth, 72, English abstract artist, sculptor and child actress (“Rescued by Rover”), in an accidental fire at her Trewyn studios.
George Tunnell, 62, one of the first black vocalists to perform with a white band (Jan Savitt and the Top Hatters).
History Diaries 