The Seventies: Friday, October 18, 1974

Photograph: An armed British soldier checks a pedestrian with child in front of a building of the British armed forces in Celle, West Germany on the 18th of October in 1974. Due to threats, British armed forces intensified the surveillance of their soldiers and facilities in Germany. (Photo by Wolfgang Weihs/picture alliance via Getty Images)

President Ford signed into law today a new version of a stop. gap money bill that will allow American military aid to Turkey to continue until December 10. Legislators who oppose aid to Turkey contended that the measure actually contained more restrictive provisions than the bill that Mr. Ford vetoed yesterday. The vetoed bill called for cutoff in aid before December 10 if Turkey sent additional “military equipment or supplies” to her forces on Cyprus. This was viewed in the White House and State Department as so broad as to include such items as canteens and medicines. The measure approved by the President today with “serious reservations” narrowed this definition to “implements of war,” but added that Turkey “shall observe the cease‐fire” and not increase her forces on Cyprus.

A dozen members of Congress worked out the new language in negotiations among themselves and in a series of telephone conversations with President Ford at what some described as a “chaotic” meeting yesterday afternoon in the office of the Speaker of the House, Carl Albert of Oklahoma. At the end of 20 to 30 minutes on the telephone, according to participants, Mr. Ford told the Congressmen he would not cast a veto. There was no consultation between the President and the State Department on the new language, according to State Department sources.

Senator Henry Jackson, in an announcement made at the White House, said that President Ford and Congress had formally agreed on a compromise to provide trade benefits to the Soviet Union. In return, he said, there will be a substantial relaxation in Moscow’s emigration policies. Secretary of State Kissinger said he had assurances from Moscow there would be an end to harassment of would-be Soviet emigrants and Senator Jackson said he understood this to mean that at least 60,000 Jews and others could leave the Soviet Union annually. Passage of the trade bill is expected soon after Congress returns from recess on November 18.

In Moscow, word of the compromise agreement on Soviet emigration was greeted with surprise by many of those who were told of it by Western newsmen. A number of those who have sought to leave the Soviet Union for Israel were skeptical that Moscow would keep its part of the bargain. Others worried whether those Jews now in jail for trying to emigrate or Jewish scientists already refused exit visas would be permitted to leave.

Viktor G. Polsky, a Jewish activist, was convicted by a Moscow district court early today of reckless driving and was fined 100 rubles for having struck a young woman with his car.

British troops killed today the 17-year-old son of an Irish Republican Army man who died in an explosion two years ago. And a bombing outside a school in a Roman Catholic area of Belfast injured 12 persons, including several children, authorities said.

France has presented to her partners in the European Common Market proposals for closer political ties. But the ideas, which run counter to French policies of the Gaullist era, have stirred little enthusiasm in member countries.

In Paris, Baron Edmond de Rothschild has uncovered a scandal involving the Israel Corporation that has rocked the State of Israel and has damaged that country’s foreign fundraising efforts. The discovery was that unauthorized foreign deposits had been made in the International Credit Bank of Geneva, a bank in financial trouble. An unusual investment company known as the Israel Corporation, in which Baron Rothschild is the biggest individual stockholder, is at the center of the storm. Into it the 48‐year‐old scion of the famous banking family has poured roughly half of his $10‐million overall investment in the beleaguered state. Baron Rothschild, some 300 other stockholders — wealthy Jews and non‐Jews from all over the world and Israel — have injected $100‐million in capital and long‐term loans into the Israel Corporation over the last half‐dozen years in efforts to build up industry in the country and strengthen its economy.

The Soviet Union and Egypt agreed today to support the creation of a Palestinian state as a prerequisite for an overall peaceful settlement in the Middle East. “The U.S.S.R. and Egypt,” the official press agency Tass reported, “have come to understanding that full and ultimate political settlement which must be accomplished within the framework of the Geneva conference is possible only on condition of securing the legitimate rights of the Arab people of Palestine, including its right to creation of its national home.” The agency said the two countries called for seating the Palestine Liberation Organization, the overall guerrilla grouping, as a full participant at any Geneva peace talks.

The State Department said today that military experts had completed a survey of the “prospective” military equipment needs of Saudi Arabia over the next 10 years but that no commitments or deals had been made. A department spokesman, Robert Anderson, denied a report that Secretary of State Kissinger had developed a “secret plan” to sell Saudi Arabia billions of dollars worth of arms during the next 10 years in return for an agreement by King Faisal to held bring oil prices down. Mr. Anderson said however, that the United States in agreement with the Saudi Arabian Government has completed survey of the prospective Saudi Arabian armed forces structure over the next 10 years to decide what was needed to protect the kingdom.

Roti Kapada Aur Makaan (“Food, Clothes and Shelter”), the highest-grossing Indian film of the year, was released across the nation. It would gross 52,500,000 Indian rupees and would win a Filmfare Award for its director, Manoj Kumar.

Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto is strengthening his grip on Pakistan, a splintered, troubled but economically resilient, nation. After nearly three years in powers Mr. Bhutto is, seen as a shrewd if paradoxical leader who managed to lift the country from the shambles of 1971, when she was humiliated by India in a war that cost her her eastern region. East Pakistan is now Bangladesh. Mr. Bhutto has faced tangle of problems: a tribal rebellion in Baluchistan, the nation’s, largest but least populated province; a religious conflict involving the Ahemdis, a small Muslim sect; border troubles with the neighboring Afghans, some potential wheat shortages and an annual inflation rate of 25 percent. Yet, the 46‐year‐old Prime Minister and former President, blending skill, manipulation, hard work and rough tactics, appears to have made Pakistan economically viable. Though the nation has barely enough to eat, the possibility of widespread hunger and starvation — which face India — seems slight. Despite floods earlier in the year — and a current slump in Pakistan’s key export, cotton — the prospects for cotton and rice exports in the next few years seem bright. At least a half‐dozen foreign companies have begun oil exploration.

The Roman Catholic priest at the of the thinly disguised movement to oust South Vietnamese President Nguyễn Văn Thiệu reckons that 3,000 South Vietnamese colonels and lieutenant colonels have passed through his courses on anti‐Communist psychological warfare. “Among my students, I can count six generals,” said the Rev. Trần Hữu Thành, chuckling. “It is because of this that Thiệu is afraid of me.” Father Thành no longer gives those courses, because he is busy trying to get President Thiệu to resign. He sees no contradiction between the lifetime he has spent combating Vietnamese Communists and his current efforts to overturn their No. 1 enemy. “It is a labor that I have prepared for over the past 30 years,” the priest said, speaking French. About two months ago, the 59‐year‐old priest, a member of the Redemptorist order, entered a tentative Opposition scene that was dominated by over‐familiar names and faces.

He had begun his pastorate at Huế at the end of World War II, training young Catholics to counter the mounting influence of the Việt Minh. And it was there that he began his campaign against Mr. Thiệu. In Huế last September 8, Father Thành and several thousand demonstrators were tear‐gassed by South Vietnamese policemen. He had launched a demonstration and his political career, charging President Thiệu and his family with gross acts of corruption. Since then “Accusation No. 1,” as it was called, promising others to come, has become the catalyst of a revived Opposition. Mr. Thieu has been put the defensive, at least for moment, and Father Thành the Opposition’s hottest property.

A strange apparition known as “decolonization” has unexpectedly manifested itself in Portuguese Timor over this, Portugal’s most remote and neglected territory. It shares the easternmost island of the Malay archipelago with Indonesia and is about 9,000 miles from its supposed mother country. The Portuguese arrived here a full century before thet Pilgrims reached Massachusetts — about 455 years ago — but the idea that there might be such a thing as self‐determination for the Timorese has arrived only in the last five months as a result of the coup d’état in Lisbon.

Representatives of African countries today demanded South Africa’s expulsion from the United Nations as the Security Council began reviewing South Africa’s relationship with the world organization. No member state has ever been ousted from the United Nations since it was founded in 1945. Although virtually all other member governments profess abhorrence of South African strict separation of races, it is widely assumed that any move to expel the country would be blocked by a veto in the Security Council by at least one of the Western members of the 15‐country body — the United States, Britain or France. Global politics, strategic thinking and economic interests are offered as reasons why Western powers should want to prevent the ouster. The case against South Africa was introduced at the Security Council meeting this afternoon by Rachid Driss of Tunisia, who is holding the current chairmanship of the African group.


Richard Nixon told his counsel, John Dean, on March 17, 1973, to “cut” the Watergate scandal “off at the pass” by putting out a story that would “basically clear the President.” This conversation was on a tape played to jurors of the Watergate cover-up trial and indicated that Mr. Nixon was aware of the break-in at least four days earlier than the date he said he first learned of the affair.

When the special Watergate prosecutor, Leon Jaworski, announced his resignation last Saturday, effective October 25, he said that the “bulk” of the investigations was over. He was not specific, but the indications were that a number of long‐running investigations would be ended with no indictments. Whatever decisions are made will be up to Mr. Jaworski’s successor. The outgoing special prosecutor recommended his deputy, Henry S. Ruth Jr., for the job. President Ford’s press secretary, Ron Nessen, said today that Mr. Ruth was being given “strong consideration.” “He comes highly recommended,” Mr. Nessen said, adding that the President and Attorney General William B. Saxbe planned to meet on the matter.

Investigations leading to possible indictments are known to be continuing into wiretapping, alleged misuse of Government agencies, the activities of former President Richard M. Nixon’s friend, C. G. Rebozo, the handling of Mr. Nixon’s income taxes and the alleged sale of ambassadorships to heavy campaign contributors. In addition, the special prosecutor’s office still has the bribery trial of former Secretary of the Treasury John B. Connally to handle along with a number of appeals. Obviously a major task was to determine Mr. Nixon’s role in Watergate. This led to impeachment hearings, Mr. Nixon’s resignation and his pardon. Also, the other major event of the entire affair, the Water gate cover‐up conspiracy trial, is proceeding.

Both Mr. Archibald Cox and Mr. Jaworski apparently have accepted the Justice Department’s general position that it was a victim of the alleged Watergate cover‐up, rather than a participant in that cover‐up in that the agency was frustrated in its inquiry by the cover‐up itself. Two former Attorneys‐General, John N. Mitchell and Richard G. Kleindienst, and the head of the department’s Criminal Division, Henry E. Petersen, all were major players in the Watergate events, along with L. Patrick Gray 3d, former acting director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

A spokesman for President Ford said today it would be up to the House Judiciary Committee to decide whether it wanted Mr. Ford to answer further questions on his pardon of former President Richard M. Nixon.

President Ford is faced with a decision on whether to resubmit to the Senate three controversial nominations, two of them originally made by President Nixon, that are among more than 40 such appointments that will die a procedural death during the Congressional recess that began yesterday. Senate aides said today that only one of the three — Republican Gov. Thomas J. Meskill of Connecticut — was certain to be renominated, after the Senate reconvenes on Nov. 18. He was nominated to fill a Federal appeals judgeship in the Second Circuit. Although some questions have been raised in the Senate about Governor Meskill’s fitness for the Federal bench, the two other nominees, Eat J. Silbert and Peter M. Flanigan, have aroused considerably more opposition on Capitol Hill.

Vice President-designate Nelson Rockefeller has disclosed that as a result of an Internal Revenue Service audit of his federal income and gift taxes for the last five years, he must pay an additional $820,718 in income taxes and an additional $83,000 in gift taxes.

The trend to lower short-term interest rates is continuing with a new round of reductions in the prime rate announced by several of the nation’s leading commercial banks. In New York City the First National City Bank, the Chemical Bank and the Morgan Guaranty Trust Company lowered their prime rate to 11¼ percent.

The saying used to be that not even God could beat Wilbur Mills in an Arkansas election. That has changed since the evening of October 6, when Mr. Mills, the 65-year-old chairman of the House Ways and Means Committee, was a figure in an episode in Washington involving strong drink, late hours and a former striptease dancer. Now Mr. Mills is campaigning with a vigor greater than at any time since his first congressional election, 36 years ago.

Doctors treating Margaretta (Happy) Rockefeller said laboratory examinations disclose no evidence of the spread of cancer. Dr. Jerome Urban, who performed the operation on the wife of Vice President-designate Nelson Rockefeller last Thursday, described her recovery as “nearly complete,” and predicted she would be able to leave Memorial Hospital within a week. “She’s practically recuperated. Her recovery is nearly complete already. She’s in very good shape, has tremendous character and physical stamina. She’s the best patient I ever had.” Yesterday, Mrs. Rockefeller left her hospital bed and began rehabilitation therapy.

More than 450 National Guard troops will remain on stand‐by duty in and around this city at least through the early part of next week, aides to Gov. Francis W. Sargent said today. Only minor instances of scuffling occurred in the schools today, the third day of relative calm following a racial flare‐up that prompted the Governor on Tuesday to call in the National Guardsmen, mostly military policemen, on a standby basis. In Washington, the Pentagon announced that elements of the 82nd Airborne Division at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, who were put on low‐level alert Wednesday for possible duty in Boston as a precautionary measure, had been returned to normal status. Despite the three days of relative peace, the city remained uneasy today. Three white male teen‐agers, two of them students at Hyde Park High School where racial fighting broke out Tuesday that resulted in a stabbing and six other injuries, were arrested this afternoon on a charge of possessing “infernal machines” — seven gasoline‐filled beer bottles.

A college girl who died while exercising apparently had the same rare hereditary heart disease that killed her sister 10 days before, the Los Angeles County coroner said today. Coroner Thomas Noguchi said that preliminary investigation had shown that Vickie Ann Penfold, 20 years old, had extensive scar formation in the heart muscle, “an identical condition to that which caused the death of her younger sister.” More tests were being conducted to determine if the same disease caused the heart scarring. Vicki collapsed and died yesterday while running up and down stairs to warm up for an exercise class at California State University at Northridge. She crumpled into the arms of a classmate and attempts to revive her failed.

Dr. James C. Fletcher, the Administrator of NASA, announced that the first orbital flights of the Space Shuttle, then planned for 1979, would end with landings at Edwards Air Force Base in California rather than at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Mary Woodson, a 29-year-old ex-girlfriend of American singer Al Green, dumped a pan of scalding grits on him as he was getting out of the bathtub at his home near Memphis, Tennessee, leaving him with second-degree burns, and then shot herself to death.

The civilian leaders of the U.S. Army and Air Force have dismissed formal requests that the top officials of their service academies be court‐martialed for allegedly violating the civil rights of cadets. Air Force Secretary John L. McLucas concluded after a thorough review that “the charges did not merit criminal prosecution” of the present and former superintendents and commandants of cadets at the Air Force Academy, the Pentagon said yesterday. In a separate action, the Pentagon said, Army Secretary Howard H. Callaway dismissed charges against officials responsible for the operation of the U. S. Military Academy.”

The Country Hams release instrumental single “Walking in the Park with Eloise”, written by James McCartney, and produced by his son Paul McCartney: the group consisted of Wings with guests Chet Atkins and Floyd Cramer.

Chicago Bulls’ center Nate Thurmond, in his debut with the team after being traded by the Warriors, becomes the first player in NBA history to complete a quadruple double: 22 points, 14 rebounds, 13 assists, and 12 blocks.

In the first ABA regular season game at Market Square Arena in Indianapolis, Indiana, the Pacers lose to San Antonio Spurs 129-121 in double overtime before 7,473 fans.

The championship flag was hoisted over the home of the Oakland A’s today for the third straight year, while observers of the most provocative team in baseball wondered about the future of several key players, Manager Alvin Dark and even the site of the franchise.


Dow Jones Industrial Average: 654.88 (+3.44, +0.53%).


Born:

Peter Svensson, Swedish musician and songwriter (The Cardigans – “Lovefool”), in Huskvarna, Sweden.

Zhou Xun, Chinese actress and singer (“Suzhou River”; “Balzac and the Little Chinese Seamstress”); in Quzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples’ Republic of China.

Gaylon Hyder, NFL defensive tackle (St. Louis Rams), in Longview, Texas.

Alvin Sims, NBA shooting guard (Phoenix Suns), in Paris, Kentucky.


Died:

Anders Lange, 70, Norwegian politician, died of heart failure.


President Gerald Ford testifies October 18, 1974 on his pardon of former President Richard M. Nixon before the House Judiciary subcommittee on criminal justice on Capitol Hill. Ford said, “I assure you that there never was at any time any agreement whatsoever concerning a pardon to Mr. Nixon if he were to resign and I were to become President.” (AP Photo)

Frank Wills, the security guard who discovered the Watergate break-in, is pictured when the Democratic National Committee presented him with a plaque in Washington, October 18, 1974. Committee chairman Robert Strauss said Wills played “a truly unique role in the affairs of the nation.” (AP Photo/Charles Gorry)

National Guardsmen are put through riot training in Boston’s Commonwealth Armory on Friday, October 18, 1974. Massachusetts Governor Francis W. Sargent called up the guard to quell school violence, but the city has been relatively calm and the guard has remained in the armories. (AP Photo/JWG)

In this October 18, 1974 photo, school buses bringing students to Boston’s Hyde Park High School arrive without incident. (AP Photo/J. Walter Green)

Prince Charles visited the McWilliams Mount Pleasant Vineyard and Winery at Pokolbin, New South Wales, Australia this afternoon Friday. October 18, 1974. (Photo by Gregory Lee/Fairfax Media via Getty Images)

Registered nurse Barbara Callghan stands before a plastic model of breasts as she instructs women on self-examination for signs of breast cancer at the Lenox Hill Hospital Health Education Center in New York, October 18, 1974. Using the plastic model, women were shown how to examine themselves in teaching sessions held throughout the day at the center. (AP Photo/Marty Lederhandler)

Princess Elizabeth of Yugoslavia smiles in the rain as she holds an umbrella over actor Richard Burton, to whom she is reported to be engaged, as they meet the press outside Burton’s home in Hampstead, London on October 18, 1974. The couple were scheduled to leave London for Switzerland. (AP Photo/Dave Caulkin)

Moses Malone of the Utah Stars reacts as his tap-in falls in the basket for two points during first quarter action against the New York Nets in Uniondale, New York, Friday night, October 18, 1974. The game marks the former high school star’s first official professional game. (AP Photo)

Vintage autos carrying victorious players of the world champion Oakland Athletics move slowly on Broadway in Oakland’s downtown on October 18, 1974 as the city welcomed its heroes for a third consecutive time. (AP Photo)