Cracks are becoming apparent in the uneasy Buddhist alliance that proved powerful enough five weeks ago to force Major General Nguyễn Khánh to relinquish the Presidency and renounce the emergency powers he had assumed. The more anti‐Communist factions of the national Buddhist movement are reported to be moving to isolate Thích Trí Quang, the powerful monk from central Vietnam, whose interest in pressing the struggle against the Việt Cộng has often been questioned. In Saigon, increasing disillusionment has arisen from the feeling that ambitious politicians and agents suspected of Việt Cộng ties have used Buddhist elements in the last month. Influential Buddhists have privately expressed alarm at the ease with which Communist agents have apparently infiltrated Buddhist ranks and encouraged popular demonstrations against the Government.
The moderate Buddhists are led by Thích Tâm Châu, a monk who fled from the Communists of North Vietnam. They have already acted to thwart anti-Government moves by the followers of Thích Trí Quang. Thích Trí Quang left Saigon this week for the central coastal city of Huế, where his political partisans seem to have fallen into disputes over how far and how fast they can push their aims without bringing on a political collapse that would benefit only the Communists. Thích Tâm Châu nominally outranks Thích Trí Quang in the hierarchy and has over‐all responsibility for political affairs. According to qualified sources, he is considering summoning Buddhist leaders to a general convention within two weeks to hammer out a firm policy statement against political agitation helpful to the Việt Cộng. Either in a convention or through less formal encounters, there is bound to be a resumption of the power struggle between Thích Trí Quang and Thích Tâm Châu — or, more broadly, between the Buddhists who believe they can work usefully with the Communists and those who are determined to oppose the Việt Cộng.
Scarcely had General Khánh stepped back from President to Premier under Buddhist pressure on August 25 when controversial signs appeared in the actions of the Buddhist leadership. Thích Tâm Châu appeared then, as he had since April, to be deferring to Thích Trí Quang’s more aggressive policies. On September 2, Buddhist spokesmen demanded the release of all prisoners taken during August’s week of rioting in the streets of Saigon. This request, granted by a timid Government, seemed dangerous to many other Buddhist sympathizers; at least 11 of those arrested had connections with the Communist insurgency. In other parts of the country as well, the aggressive faction of the Buddhists has continued to charge that arrests represent persecution. Thích Tâm Châu is belatedly coming to feel that this agitation is useful to Việt Cộng agents. A few days ago the moderate leader was reported to have rushed to Vĩnh Bình Province in the Mekong delta to dismiss a Buddhist provincial representative who had demanded and achieved the release of two young men arrested by province authorities. The youths professed to be Buddhist, but they had been arrested with hand grenades in their possession.
South Vietnamese Government forces killed 46 Việt Cộng soldiers and captured 16 others during a battle an Communist‐infested Cà Mau Peninsula, the Defense Department reported today. The government said it suffered two dead during the helicopter‐borne operation near Tân Phú Outpost in An Xuyên Province, 160 miles southwest of Saigon. A dozen United States Army troop‐carrying helicopters supported the 42nd Vietnamese Ranger Battalion in repeated strikes against the Việt Cộng concentration yesterday. The government said three submachine guns and 21 other weapons were seized from the Việt Cộng.
On the political side in Saigon, one party began yesterday to organize on a national scale to be in a position to gain when South Vietnam returns to civilian rule. Premier Nguyễn Khánh is pledged to effect the transition at the end of this month. The party, the National Salvation Council, chose as temporary chairman Professor Lê Khắc Quyến, dean of the medical faculty at the University of Huế. Dr. Quyến is a founder of the council and is a foe of military rule. Dr. Quyến is a member of the 17‐man High National Council that is intended to supervise the transition from military to civilian rule. The council is supposed to draft a provisional constitution, choose a legislative group and name a national leader. Dr. Quyến’s National Salvation Council is organized in 10 provinces, and the goal is an organization in all 45. If successful, the council would be the only political party with so wide an organization.
In the biggest tunnelling operation since the Wall went up, 57 people succeed in fleeing to West Berlin. Shortly before the escape is finished, GDR border guards discover the tunnel entrance. It was built from the basement of an empty bakery at 97 Bernauer Straße in West Berlin, under the Berlin Wall – which at that time and place consisted of empty, bricked-up apartment buildings on the east side of Bernauer Straße – all the way to a disused outhouse in the rear courtyard at 55 Strelitzer Straße in East Berlin. At a depth of 12 meters (39 ft) and a length of 145 meters (476 ft), Tunnel 57 was the longest, deepest and most expensive flight tunnel built in Berlin. Thirty-five West Berliners, including Wolfgang Fuchs, the future astronaut Reinhard Furrer, and many students from the Freie University in West Berlin, helped to build the tunnel from April to October 1964, until on 3 and 4 October 57 people fled the GDR via the tunnel.
On 4 October around midnight, the second night of fleeing, two Stasi officers in plain clothes presented at the entrance, claiming they wanted to flee, and had another friend they wanted to fetch to come as well. When they returned not with a friend but with border guards, one of the helpers, Christian Zobel, shot at the guards, hitting Egon Schultz on the shoulder. He fell to the ground, and, while trying to get up again, was fatally shot by friendly fire from one of his fellow officers. Seeking to use the incident for propaganda, the East Berlin press reported on the following day that “West Berlin terrorists” had murdered a border guard. The SED, the GDR’s dictatorial ruling communist party, spread this rumor and made a martyr out of Schultz, the victim of a ruthless enemy of the border [Grenzverletzer]. Only after German reunification could the exact events be recreated using the Stasi’s records from the time. Zobel wrongly believed that he had fatally shot Schultz right up until his death in the 1980s.
Strain and mistrust were building up over the weekend in relations between the Greek Government and Archbishop Makarios’s Cyprus regime. Athena officials voiced growing anxiety today over what they saw as an organized campaign in Cyprus to undermine Greek influence and prestige among the 500,000 Greek Cypriotes, turning them away from their long‐held aspiration for “enosis” or union with Greece. Enosis, with some compensation for Turkey, has been discussed in Western capitals as a means of countering growing internal and external Communist influence in Cyprus. Union with Greece would automatically turn Cyprus into an Atlantic alliance outpost. The first indications of an organized campaign came with the ousting of Premier George Papandreous’s personal representative in Nicosia on the orders of President Makarios.
Then, the Cyprus press as well as the Greek Communist press attacked General George Grivas, commander in chief of the Greek Cypriot forces, as well as other Greek army officers shipped to Cyprus in recent months who are accused of resisting Soviet and other neutralist aid to Cyprus. They were also accused of urging a “NATO‐sponsored solution.” Details of the incident involving the Greek Premier’s representative , to Cyprus now disclosed here indicated that the Greek Government, in an effort to stem anti‐enosis propaganda in Cyprus, sent Premier Papandreous’s friend, Niccos Delipetros, to Nicosia some months ago. Mr. Delipetros, a former journalist who is deputy governor of Greece’s insurance organization, was assigned to the inconspicuous post of press counsellor at the Greek Embassy in Nicosia to act as Mr. Papandreous’s representative.
Authoritative sources disclosed today that Archbishop Makarios phoned Premier Papandreou this week threatening to jail Mr. Delipetros if he was not promptly recalled. This followed charges in the Communist press that Mr. Delipetros offered Cypriot editors bribes to support an anti‐Makarios pro‐enosis policy. Mr. Delipetros returned to Athens Wednesday. As Athens was seen to be losing influence in the Cyprus situation, some foreign diplomats here said 10,000 Greek troops in Cyprus remained as Greece’s only instrument of policy in the case of a crisis that might lead to a definite Cyprus tie with the Soviet bloc. Premier Papandreou, in a statement last week, said that if Cyprus became a Communist satellite “our ways shall part.”
President de Gaulle arrived today on a goodwill mission and his reception precipitated a bitter political battle between supporters of Juan D. Perón, the ousted dictator, and the Argentine Government. Thousands of jeering, shouting Perónists drowned out President Arturo U. Illia and other government officials during a series of official ceremonies designed to demonstrate Argentina’s affection and close ties with France. The heckling began from the moment General de Gaulle and President Illia drove in an open car from the airport along the seafront to Plaza Francia, where the French visitor received the keys to the city.
With his habitual resilience, Premier Chou En‐lai, the mandarin turned revolutionary, continues to be actively identified with Peking’s foreign policy. Officially, he yielded the office of Foreign Minister, which he had filled with distinction, to Marshal Chen Yi, a favorite of Chairman Mao, six years ago — and in circumstances that remain obscure. Yet he is still China’s indispensable front man on the international scene. Widespread speculation regarding his health and whereabouts was ended recently with his return to his official duties after more than a month’s absence.
Algemene Bank Nederland (ABN, literally the General Bank of the Netherlands) was created by the merger of two Netherlands banks, Nederlandsche Handel-Maatschappij (NTS) and De Twentsche Bank (DTB); the same year, Amsterdamsche Bank and Rotterdamsche Bank merged to create AMRO Bank. The two conglomerates would then merge in 1991 to become ABN AMRO.
The Federal Bureau of Investigation arrested four Philadelphia, Mississippi, law enforcement officers and a former sheriff today. They were charged with depriving seven Blacks of their civil rights by unlawfully detaining and beating them. The arrests were made under two indictments returned yesterday by a Federal grand jury that conducted a two‐week investigation into the slaying of three civil rights workers last June and into other racial violence in Neshoba County. The charges have no direct connection with the murder case. When the sealed indictments were returned in Biloxi, sources close to the investigation said they concerned the slaying of the three young men. But when they were made public after the arrests today, it was disclosed that the two incidents of violence that were involved occurred before the civil rights workers arrived in Neshoba County. Those arrested are:
- Sheriff Lawrence Rainey, 41 years old, serving his first year as sheriff.
- Deputy Sheriff Cecil Price, 26, a former fireman and city policeman and the central figure in the arrest of the slain civil rights workers.
- E. G. Barnett, 42, who served a four‐year term as sheriff before Mr. Rainey was elected.
- Richard A. Willis, 40, a city policeman who also participated in the arrest of the civil rights workers.
- O. N. Burkes, 71, also a city policeman.
The five defendants were brought before the United States Commissioner in Meridian, Mississippi, Miss Esther Carter, and released after posting bonds — $2,000 each for Mr. Price and Mr. Rainey and $1,000 for each of the others. All the defendants are charged under two Federal laws with conspiring to and actually depriving the Blacks of their rights under the Constitution, while acting under the color of law. The conspiracy statute carries a maximum penalty of five years’ imprisonment and a $10,000 fine. The other statute calls for one‐year imprisonment and a $1,000 fine as maximum punishment. They will be tried by a jury in the United States District Court for Southern Mississippi at a date and place to be set later.
A fourth white man was arrested here today in the bombing of a Black home in a crackdown on racial violence in southwest Mississippi. The authorities said that Billy Earl Wilson, 22 years old, a local railroad worker, had been arrested by agents of the Federal Bureau of Investigation, working with members of the State Highway Patrol and Sheriff R. R. Warren of Pike County. Mr. Wilson, who was being taken to Jackson for questioning, was identified as the fourth member of a group charged with bombing the home of Mrs. Alyene Quin, a Black cafe operator, the night of September 20. The explosion severely damaged the house but no one was injured.
Congress quietly brought to a close today an arduous nine‐month session that yielded an unusually large volume of important legislation. The Senate adjourned at 1:41 PM and the House at 3:16. This ended the second and final session of the 88th Congress, barring an unexpected recall by President Johnson before a new Congress takes office next January 4. Members had already dispersed in large numbers to spend full time mending their political fences and campaigning.
With all 435 House seats and 35 of the 100 Senate seats at stake in the November 3 election, few legislators stayed for the final ceremonies. The customary songs in the House and other final‐day color were lacking. Despite a relative lack of productiveness in the five weeks that followed a recess for the Democratic National Convention in August, the session was widely regarded as one of significant achievement. A history‐making civil rights law was written, an $11.5 billion tax cut was approved and a S950 million antipoverty program was instituted. The record of these acts and other major legislation covers a broad range of economic and social problems which the 88th Congress has grappled with a decisiveness lacked by any other, perhaps, since President Franklin D. Roosevelt’s New Deal in the nineteen‐thirties.
While winning approval of most of his legislative program, President Johnson lost the fight for two of his highest priority proposals. Health care for the aged under Social Security was approved by the Senate but died in a deadlocked Senate‐House conference committee. The deadlock also killed legislation for increases in cash payments to Social Security beneficiaries. The Johnson Administration’s bill for a $1 billion program of economic aid to the depressed Appalachian region, though passed by the Senate, failed to reach the House floor.
“They don’t have to tell us twice any more,” said Mrs. Roger Broussard of Cameron. Cameron is on the Gulf of Mexico 30 miles south of Lake Charles. More than 500 residents of swampy Cameron Parish (county) died in a hurricane in 1957. They waited too long to flee to Lake Charles and higher ground. Today the eye of the hurricane called Hilda hit the Louisiana coast 95 miles east of here. Cameron and Lake Charles got only strong gusts of wind and a drenching. But emergency shelters set up here for the lowlanders of Cameron Parish had plenty of customers. The vulnerable and hurricane‐shy parish was 99 per cent evacuated.
Twenty-one were killed when a tornado, hatched by the approach of Hurricane Hilda, swept through the predominantly Cajun French town of Larose, Louisiana.
President Johnson today labeled Senator Barry Goldwater the “frightening voice of the Republican party” as he rejected the Arizonan’s charge that the Johnson Administration is “soft on Communism.” The President, in measured tones and a voice of ice, called the charge “nonsense” and said it was the “accident” of a “third-string speech writer.” He advised the Senator to drop it, and expressed the belief that Mr. Goldwater would after more careful thought. He did not, however, refer to the Senator by name. It was the harshest direct contradiction of Mr. Goldwater so far in the campaign.
Senator Barry Goldwater wound up his whistle‐stop tour of the Midwest today by charging that President Johnson had “decided to disable” the Social Security system by ordering the death of a bill to increase benefits to recipients. Mr. Goldwater also suggested a constitutional amendment that would nullify the effect of recent Supreme Court decisions on the rights of defendants in criminal trials. The Republican Presidential candidate spent five days on his 19‐car campaign train in the states of Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. He regards their total of 65 electoral votes as almost a necessity to his election chances.
Operation Sea Orbit, the first round-the-world voyage by nuclear-powered ships, came to an end as the aircraft carrier USS Enterprise and the missile cruiser USS Long Beach arrived in Norfolk, Virginia after a 64-day, 32,600 miles (52,500 km) trip made without refueling; the cruise marked “the first around-the-world showing of the American flag” since the voyage of the Great White Fleet between 1907 and 1909.
A vigil for an end to the war in Vietnam was staged in Times Square this afternoon by a dozen persons, mostly elderly, representing a variety of peace organizations. According to one of the organizers, Mrs. Grace Paley of the Greenwich Village Peace Center, the police had given permission for the demonstration but had asked that the number of participants be held below 20. A ban on demonstrations in the midtown area was enforced last August against a larger group protesting the role of the United States in Vietnam. Unlike that meeting, yesterday’s demonstration was more or less silent, although a few of the women holding placards chatted with their neighbors.
Boston fires Red Sox’ manager Johnny Pesky (70-90). Billy Herman takes over for the final game of season.
The New York Yankees clinched the American League pennant for the 29th time in 64 seasons, beating the Cleveland Indians, 8–3 and putting them two games ahead of the Chicago White Sox with only one game left in the season. At season’s end the next day, the Yankees had a 99-63 win/loss record, the White Sox were 98-64 and the Baltimore Orioles were 97-65. The Yankees clinched their 5th straight pennant.
Joe Horlen hurled the Chicago White Sox to a 7–0 victory today over the Kansas City Athletics, but were still eliminated from the playoffs as the Yankees won and clinched the American League title. Horlen limited the Athletics to two hits. Kansas City’s only other base‐runner was the leadoff man, Bert Campaneris, who reached first on an error by Al Weis at second base. Campaneris, however, was picked off by the catcher, Cam Carreon. Campaneris also walked in the ninth.
The Baltimore Orioles, already eliminated from the American League pennant race, beat the Detroit Tigers, 7–6, today on a bases‐filled walk to Sam Bowens in the 10th inning. The game was the last of the season for the teams. Luis Aparicio singled with one out in the 10th, went to second on a wild pitch by Fred Gladding and advanced to third on an infield out. Gladding walked Boog Powell and Brooks Robinson intentionally to fill the bases before he walked Bowens on a 3–2 pitch, forcing in Aparicio with the winning run.
The Minnesota Twins defeated the Los Angeles Angels, 5–3, today as the Twins’ rookie, Tony Oliva, virtually clinched the American League batting championship. Oliva doubled in three times at bat to hold his batting average at .323, six more points than Brooks Robinson of Baltimore, who finished the season today. The Twins have one game left.
Dick Stuart collected five hits in five times at bat and Bill Monbouquette pitched his fourth straight shutout against the Washington Senators as the Boston Red Sox gained a 7–0 victory today. Monbouquette scattered seven hits, recording his 13th triumph against 14 defeats. Stuart drove in the first run in the first inning with a single. He followed that hit with three more singles and a double.
The St. Louis Cardinals lose 15–5 to the New York Mets and fall into a first-place tie with the idle Cincinnati Reds. Ed Kranepool has 4 RBIs and one of the five New York homers. The Mets jumped on the Cardinals for four runs in the first inning off Ray Sadecki, the Cards’ No. 1 left‐hander and the only southpaw in the league with 20 victories. They survived a three‐run rally by the Cardinals a few moments later, then added a run in the second, three in the third, one in the fifth and six in the seventh. This game forced the National League pennant race into its final day as a three‐team free‐for‐all. If St. Louis defeats New York and Philadelphia defeats Cincinnati, St Louis will be the league champion. If New York defeats St. Louis and Cincinnati defeats Philadelphia, Cincinnati will win the pennant. If Cincinnati and St. Louis both win, they will tie for the pennant and engage in a three‐game play‐off. If they both lose a three way tie will result, necessitating a round‐robin play‐off, all in contention after 161 games and with the San Francisco Giants finally fading out today.
The Philadelphia Phillies are also idle while the Chicago Cubs finally eliminate the San Francisco Giants by beating them 10–7. The loss left the Giants in fourth place, two games behind leading Cincinnati and St. Louis, with only one game remaining. The Giants could have stayed in pennant contention with a victory, hoping for a possible playoff berth if the Reds and Cardinals both lost tomorrow. Doug Clemens and Billy Williams hit three‐run homers for the Cubs in support of Bob Buhl’s pitching. Dick Estelle, the first of six San Francisco pitchers, took the loss.
Ed Bailey drove home three runs with a first‐inning triple and a third‐inning single today in leading the Milwaukee Braves to an 11–5 victory over the Pittsburgh Pirates. Arnie Umbach, pitching in his first major league game was knocked out by the Pirates in the ninth after yielding 11 hits. He struck out seven batters. Don Cardwell, the Pirate starter, took the loss. A crowd of 5,636 lifted the Braves’ home attendance to 900,832.
Jim Brewer of the Los Angeles Dodgers tonight pitched his first complete game since breaking in with the Chicago Cubs in 1960 and blanked the Houston Colts, 7–0, on five hits. Brewer, who was making his 22nd start in the majors, also got three singles and drove in two runs. Darrell Griffith also banged out three hits. Maury Wills stole his 53rd base of the year and scored two runs in the Dodger victory.
AFL Football:
Oakland Raiders 20, Buffalo Bills 23
San Diego Chargers 17, New York Jets 17
Daryle Lamonica turned in his third straight spectacular job to keep the Buffalo Bills undefeated with a 23–20 American Football League victory over the Oakland Raiders tonight before 36,461. The former Notre Dame quarterback took over for Jack Kemp with 6:04 left in the third quarter and marshalled Buffalo from a 10–7 deficit to a 21–13 lead midway through the final period. Lamonica, who sparked victories over Denver and San Diego with second‐half heroics, scored on a 1‐yard run and passed 44 yards to Elbert Dubenion for the clinching touchdown. But the Bills had to fight off a final‐period drive led by Cotton Davidson, who also scored once and fired a touchdown pass in a relief role. Lamonica hit on seven of 10 passes for 164 yards while Davidson completed 14 of 24 for 175 yards.
The New York Jets, angered at past indignities suffered at the hands of San Diego, almost played the favored Chargers off their feet in the second half and gained a much‐deserved 17–17 tie in Shea Stadium last night. The Chargers were held to the first tie in their five‐year history, thahks largely to the defensive efforts of Wanoo McDaniel, Ralph Baker, Dainard Paulson, and Gerry Philbin. San Diego opened the scoring at 6:29 of the first period when Keith Lincoln booted a 47‐yard field goal after Chuck Allen had halted a Jet drive on the San Diego 41 with a Wood interception. The Jets left the field at halftime trailing by 10‐3, but after the intermission Dick Wood threw touchdown passes to his two favorite targets, Bake Turner in the third quarter and Don Maynard in the fourth. Those scoring aerials and Jim Turner’s second‐period field goal accounted for New York’s points. The game quickly became untied within five minutes of the final period. The Chargers covered 64 yards in eight plays, Paul Lowe scoring on a 17‐yard pass over the middle at 4:17. The lead lasted less than two minutes. Wood hit Maynard on the 68‐yard pass‐run play, Maynard eluding Jim Warren on the 30 and going the rest of the way unmolested. Jim Turner booted his second conversion to tie the score at 17–17.
Born:
Clive Owen, English actor (“Closer”), in Coventry, England, United Kingdom.
Lisa Macuja-Elizalde, Filipino prima ballerina, 1984-2014 (Kirov Ballet; Philippine Ballet Theatre; Ballet Manila), artistic director, and educator, in Manila, Philippines.
History Diaries 