Lech Walesa assailed Polish leaders for what he called their failure to abide by the accords on free speech, free press and union pluralism that were signed in Gdansk four years ago. The founder of the banned Solidarity union, speaking in his apartment there, said that “continuing to ignore the will of the nation brings on the threat of conflict.” He accused General Wojciech Jaruzelski, the Polish leader, of “betraying the trust of the Polish people” by declaring martial law in 1981 and by paying only lip service to the 21 points of the Gdansk agreement of August 31, 1980, under which Solidarity became the only independent union in the Soviet bloc. Mr. Walesa, the winner of the 1983 Nobel Peace Prize, said he hoped to read the statement here to mark the August 31 anniversary, “if I am not surrounded by a sea of blue,” an allusion to the riot police.
The message was much harsher in tone than any of the labor leader’s other recent comments, such as the one in which he applauded the Government’s amnesty for prisoners as a “positive first step,” and urged the elimination of United States economic sanctions against Poland. The statement, however, was somewhat muted by Mr. Walesa’s more spontaneous responses during an hour-long interview. In the interview he acknowledged that positive changes were taking place but not as quickly as people wanted. He held out hope for reconciliation between the Government and its enemies, declared he was ready to meet with Government officials and acknowledged that the hierarchy of the Polish Roman Catholic Church was not fully in support of his movement.
Evangelos Averoff, leader of the Greek conservative opposition New Democracy Party, submitted his resignation from the leadership today. The party announced it would elect a new leader Saturday to head its effort to unseat the Socialist Government of Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou in elections next year. The two candidates for the leadership role in Saturday’s vote will be former Foreign Minister Constantine Mitsotakis, 66 years old, and Constantine Stephanopoulos, 58, a former aide to the Prime Minister. The party’s 111 legislators in Parliament will be eligible to vote. The contest is expected to be very close. Mr. Averoff, 74, had been under pressure to resign after his party made only modest gains in last June’s elections for the European Parliament. Though New Democracy’s share of the vote increased by 3 percentage points over the 1981 general elections, and that of the ruling Socialists dropped by 6 percent, the Government still dashed conservative hopes by winning the European voting.
The Soviet Union has developed a new version of its AK-47 Kalashnikov rifle that is possibly better than anything used by Western forces, an authoritative British defense publication said. The latest edition of Jane’s Infantry Weapons annual said the new 5.45-millimeter AK-74 assault rifle is “light, tough and easy to shoot” — ideal for the Soviet style of infantry fighting, which uses bursts of sustained fire rather than carefully aimed shots. The new rifle is a smaller caliber version of the traditional 7.62-millimeter AK-47 model that has become “one of the most important and widespread weapons in the world,” Jane’s said.
Israel’s caretaker prime minister, Yitzhak Shamir, and Labor Party leader Shimon Peres said they hope to reach an agreement by next week in their negotiations to establish a unity government. “We decided to hasten the pace of the talks,” Shamir told reporters. In a separate session with reporters, Peres cited “not insignificant progress” but added, “We’ll wait and see what next week brings.”
Rabbi Meir Kahane was blocked from entering Israel’s largest Arab town as he tried to launch a campaign to drive Arab citizens from the country. The Brooklyn-born rabbi and three busloads of armed supporters were barred by the police at a roadblock two miles outside Um el Fahm, a community of 25,000 in the Galilee region. The rabbi was detained and then released.
Pierre Gemayel died of a heart attack, casting more uncertainty on Lebanon’s deteriorating political situation. The death of the 78-year-old senior Christian political figure could set off a power struggle and perhaps undermine the position of his eldest son, President Amin Gemayel. The elder Mr. Gemayel was a founding member and the perennial leader of the right-wing Phalangist Party, which is Lebanon’s strongest Christian political group, with its own armed militia.
Renewed militia warfare claimed seven more lives in Lebanon’s northern port city of Tripoli, police said. The fighting, between a pro-Syrian faction and a Muslim fundamentalist group, left 17 wounded. Meanwhile, Premier Rashid Karami and his Cabinet empowered Defense Minister Adel Osseiran to set up a military committee to oversee a security plan designed to disengage Tripoli’s warring factions, reportedly by arranging for Lebanese army units to be deployed in the city.
The Lebanese government asked the U.N. Security Council to implement its own resolutions calling for an end to Israel’s occupation of southern Lebanon. Lebanese delegate Rashid Fakhouri opened the debate on his country’s complaint of human rights violations in Israeli-occupied areas. Israeli delegate Yehuda Z. Blum said Israeli troops will withdraw as soon as the northern Israeli border is made secure.
Libya’s most ambitious project – the construction of a “man-made river” system of wells and pipelines from the heart of the desert to the arid country’s coastal cities and towns in the north – was inaugurated by Colonel Muammar el-Qaddafi.
The authorities arrested at least 3,500 people in northern and eastern India today in an effort to end protests over the ouster of an opposition leader and to block a planned Sikh convention. About 500 Sikh activists were rounded up in Punjab as the Government tried to stop them from holding an international convention in Amritsar Sunday that officials said would be used by Sikhs to make political points. More than 3,000 people were briefly detained in eastern Bihar state, where thousands stopped work to protest the ouster of N. T. Rama Rao as Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh state on Aug. 16 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. Similar protest strikes have been held in at least three other Indian states this month. The dismissal of Mr. Rao appeared to have strengthened the ties among India’s splintered opposition political parties, which are trying to defeat Mrs. Gandhi’s Congress Party in elections scheduled for next January.
The Japanese Embassy’s information center in Seoul, South Korea was stoned today as thousands of students demonstrated in streets and campuses demanding that President Chun Doo Hwan cancel his visit to Japan next week. The police said about 50 students smashed more than 20 windows in the three-story center. But they said riot policemen moved in quickly to prevent more damage. No arrests were made. The protests were to mark the 74th anniversary of the start of Japan’s 35- year colonization of the Korean Peninsula. Many Koreans have bitter memories of Japanese occupation. More than 1,000 students marched to a Seoul railway station. About 1,500 students throwing stones clashed with riot policemen. The students, from more than 10 universities, also scattered leaflets calling on Japan to stop supporting what they called the military dictatorship of President Chun’s Government. President Chun’s visit, from September 6-8, will be the first by a South Korean head of state to Japan.
Atrocities by the Indonesian army have forced more than 11,000 people to flee the country and seek refuge in neighboring Papua New Guinea, a Roman Catholic Church official said. Gregory Mongi, executive secretary of the Papua New Guinea Catholic Bishops’ Conference, quoted reports that Indonesian soldiers have beheaded villagers and raped nuns in a drive against guerrillas fighting for independence in the western Indonesian province of Irian Jaya.
The 23 crew members of a crippled Cypriot freighter were safe today after they abandoned ship in storm-tossed Pacific waters, and the 360-foot vessel was listing dangerously as her forward holds filled with water. “There were no injuries,” said Pat Milton, a Coast Guard petty officer, after the crew of the freighter Blue Falcon boarded the Panamanian cargo ship Josef Roth Tuesday night. The fate of the freighter, which sustained two holes and cracks in her bow in a brush with Hurricane Lowell southwest of Baja California, was unclear.
Ugandan opposition Democratic Party leader Paul Ssemogerere told a press conference in Kampala that he has fresh information that half a million people have died from violence or starvation in Uganda since 1980, the independent Star newspaper reported. U.S. Assistant Secretary of State Elliott Abrams told Congress recently that more than 100,000 Ugandans have died of starvation or at the hands of the army. Ssemogerere was quoted as proposing a general amnesty and negotiations with the rebels and political leaders in exile.
South African elections for a new Asian chamber of Parliament, marred by violence and a nationwide boycott, attracted barely 20% of the registered voters, officials said in Johannesburg. Final figures showed that 83,186 of 411,711 registered Asian voters participated in the election for their 40-seat house, the officials said. A week ago, just under 30% of the registered Colored (mixed-race) voters elected 80 members to their House of Representatives, also a new body. The black majority of 73% is still unrepresented.
Religious-political links expressed by President Reagan will be made a major campaign issue by Walter F. Mondale and his strategists. Aides to the Democratic Presidential candidate say he plans to begin an unusual national debate on issues related to religion and politics such as school prayer and abortion. Although Mr. Mondale has been slow to respond to Mr. Reagan’s statements last week in Dallas, where the Republican National Convention was being held, aides to the Democratic Presidential nominee say he is set to tackle the issue in a speech now under preparation. At that time, Mr. Reagan said that politics and religion were inseparable and that those who argued otherwise were “intolerant of religion.”
The meeting between black leaders and Walter F. Mondale Tuesday was so tense that until the final moments no one was quite sure how much support the group would give the Democratic Presidential candidate. The Mondale staff had agreed to meet many of the requests by the 50 black leaders, but Mr. Mondale, who is committed to reducing the Federal budget deficit by two-thirds, could not promise a multibillion-dollar jobs program.
Attracting the most boisterous crowd of her campaign so far, Representative Geraldine A. Ferraro today concentrated on attacking President Reagan for the second day in a row. Buoyed by an exuberant crowd of 5,000 people here, she declared she would “not close my mouth” about the Federal deficit until Mr. Reagan explained how he was going to reduce it. At the rally, Mrs. Ferraro used some language reminiscent of Queens streets, which seemed to strike a responsive chord in the crowd sweltering in 90-degree noon-time heat.
President Reagan participates in a photo opportunity for the cover photograph of Fortune Magazine.
President Reagan vetoes a bill that would increase funding for public broadcasting by 38%. The bill he vetoed would have authorized $238 million for the Corporation for Public Broadcasting in 1987, $253 million in 1988 and $270 million in 1989. Mr. Reagan said that approving these amounts “would be wholly inconsistent with our pledge to slow the growth of spending and reduce the size of the deficit.” Because the bill was for future spending, the President noted in his veto message, his action does not pose an immediate threat to public broadcasting, since he recently approved an increase in the corporation’s authorization to $137.5 million this year, $150.5 million in 1985 and $159.5 million in 1986.
The President and First Lady host a reception for Reagan-Bush ’84 National Headquarters staff.
A protype of the B-1 bomber crashed on a test flight, six days before the Reagan Administration was set to unveil the first production model of the new bomber as evidence of its efforts to modernize American strategic arms. Spokesmen at the sprawling desert test center in southern California said one crewman was killed and the two others were injured. The crash of the test aircraft will have little long-term effect on the multibillion-dollar B-1 bomber program, according to backers and opponents of the B-1 bomber in Congress. The crash involved a B-1A prototype aircraft built in 1976 that was later modified to resemble the flight characteristics of B-1B production-model bombers.
A slowdown in economic growth was confirmed as the Commerce Department reported that the Government index intended to predict changes in economic direction fell eight-tenths of 1 percent in July. It was the first time the index of leading indicators had declined for two consecutive months since early 1982.
Efforts to curb acid rain are opposed by the Environmental Protection Agency. The agency plans to deny petitions by New York, Pennsylvania and Maine seeking federal action to curb acid rain and other air pollution from industrial plants in seven states in the Middle West.
The Environmental Protection Agency plans to deny requests by New York, Pennsylvania and Maine to order air pollution reductions in seven neighboring states in an effort to reduce acid rain, the agency said. The EPA said scientists do not have enough understanding of air pollution to conclude that emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the seven states are a “significant” reason that the petitioning states are unable to meet some national pollution standards. The seven states are Ohio, West Virginia, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan and Tennessee. Most nitrogen oxides come from motor vehicle exhausts. Most sulfur dioxide comes from smokestacks on power plants and factories.
Bolstered by 5,000 firefighters from seven states and aided by diminished winds and cooler temperatures, Montana officials began large-scale air attacks against dozens of fires that have blackened 150,000 acres of forests and rangeland and driven hundreds from their homes. For the first time since most of the fires broke out on Sunday, officials spoke of possible containment of some of them. The firefighters were being supported by 42 air tankers and 21 helicopters spraying fire-retardant chemicals, a Forest Service official said.
Angry school employees in Rhode Island defied state law that strikes by public school teachers are illegal and began a strike against a pay-cut plan as walkouts by teachers continued in five other states. In all, more than 73,000 students stayed home and 4,000 educators were on picket lines. In addition to Rhode Island, strikes were occurring in Illinois, Pennsylvania, Louisiana, Indiana and Michigan.
A group of people from the low-income Liberty City area of Miami, Florida, looted two cars of a train that struck and seriously injured a teenager and threw stones at the police when they responded to the accident, the police said today. One officer said the violence by about 100 people was a “pretty routine” reaction to the presence of police officers in the predominantly black area, where 18 people died in race riots in 1980. Ricky Shelton, 14 years old, was in serious but stable condition at Jackson Memorial Hospital after undergoing surgery for a fractured pelvis in the accident, according to a hospital spokesman. A police spokesman said the teenager was part of a “group of unidentified juveniles playing a ‘beat-the-train’ game wherein the players would try to cross the railroad track as the train was approaching.”
Postal workers’ demands for increased wages and benefits are excessive and would cost $14.6 billion, driving up the cost of mailing a letter and spelling “the beginning of the end” of the Postal Service, Postmaster General William F. Bolger told the National Assn. of Postmasters at its convention in Columbus, Ohio. Contract talks with four unions that represent 670,000 postal employees are now at an impasse. But a fact-finding process is under way that could lead to binding arbitration.
A rare lymphatic cancer is on the increase among homosexual men, and researchers believe it is another facet of the AIDS epidemic. Since the start of the AIDS outbreak four years ago, experts have recognized that an unusual skin tumor called Kaposi’s sarcoma is common among AIDS victims. A new study confirms the suspicion that these victims also are at increased risk of getting a particularly lethal form of non-Hodgkins lymphoma, said a report in the New England Journal of Medicine. The researchers identified 90 cases of the cancer among homosexual men in San Francisco, Los Angeles, Houston and New York since 1980.
Both G.M. and Ford are targets for possible strikes by the United Automobile Workers in the current talks for new labor contracts. In the past, the union has usually chosen one of the auto makers to be the focus of negotiations to increase pressure on it to grant union demands.
Howard R. Hughes’s assets could be distributed to his heirs earlier than thought possible under inheritance tax agreements signed by Texas and California. Under the accords, Texas receives $25 million this month and $25 million a year from now. The payment to California is more complex and is being questioned by Gov. George Deukmejian.
U.S. health costs will double every six years until reaching $1.9 trillion by 1999 because people want only changes that do not affect their own health care, a review of health surveys concluded. The report, published in the New England Journal of Medicine, is a summary of 15 national public opinion surveys that found a surprising degree of agreement among the respondents.
A couple were convicted in Columbia City, Indiana, of reckless homicide in the death of their 26-day-old son, who died of untreated pneumonia after his parents relied on prayer to cure him. A prosecutor said he hoped the conviction of Gary Hall, 33, and his wife, Margaret, 27, in the February 16 death of their son, John David, would persuade members of the Faith Assembly Church to limit the practice of refusing medical treatment.
The New York Yankees, rebounding from a 12-inning loss to Oakland a night earlier, banged out nine hits to defeat the A’s, 4–1, tonight. The victory was significant on a number of fronts, most notably in the standing. The Yankees moved into a third-place tie with Baltimore in the American League East, and put them four games behind second-place Toronto, both of whom lost. John Montefusco (2–2) was the winner for New York and Jay Howell earned his sixth save of the season. The loser was Steve McCatty (7–12).
In Seattle, Mark Langston (13–9) stops the Detroit Tigers on two hits and strikes out 12 in a complete game to win, 5–1. The Mariners’ Ken Phelps’ three-run homer in the 5th is the big blow, capping a four-run rally.
Hal McRae had a home run and a triple, and Bud Black pitched a six-hitter to spark the Kansas City Royals to a 4–1 win over the Texas Rangers. Black (14–10) shut out the Rangers after giving up a homer to Gary Ward in the first.
Fred Lynn and Brian Downing hit consecutive homers with two out in the eighth inning to lead the California Angels to a 7–5 victory over the Baltimore Orioles. Both homers came off Mike Boddicker (16- 9) and broke a 5-5 tie that the Orioles had gained in the top of the inning. Lynn’s clout was his 16th, and Downing hit his 18th.
Carlton Fisk, Greg Luzinski and Scott Fletcher each homered as the Chicago White Sox beat the Toronto Blue Jays, 8–5. Fisk’s 19th homer of the year, a towering drive to left off Luis Leal (13-4) opened the second inning. Fletcher’s leadoff homer in the third, touched off a three-run inning. Luzinski led off the eighth with a pinch- home run.
The Boston Red Sox shut out the Minnesota Twins, 4–0. Dennis (Oil Can) Boyd held Minnesota to only two hits and Mike Easler drove in a pair of runs to lift Boston. Boyd (9-9) retired the first nine Minnesota batters until Kirby Puckett lined a single to right to start the fourth inning. The other hit came in the sixth, when the shortstop Jackie Gutierrez lost Tim Teufel’s routine popup in the Metrodome lights for a single.
At Chicago, Rick Sutcliffe (13–1) wins his 11th straight as the Cubs beat the Cincinnati Reds, 7–2. Bull Durham drives in 3 runs to pace the Bruin offense, and Bob Dernier broke an 0-for-20 slump with a home run. Ryne Sandberg collected three hits, including a double and a triple. The triumph was the fourth straight for the Cubs and it kept them five and one-half games ahead of the Mets.
At Montreal, Bob Brenly hits an inside-the-park homer to lead off the 11th inning and gives the San Francisco Giants a 4–3 win over the Expos. Brenly smashed a shot to deep center off Dick Grapenthin (0–2). His line drive tips off centerfielder Tim Raines’ glove and rolls to the wall. The Giants tie the game with 2 outs in the 9th on an error by third baseman Wallach.
Mark Thurmond pitched a three-hitter as the San Diego Padres stopped the Philadelphia Phillies, 2–0. The Phillies had scored 30 runs in three games and 63 in their last 8. Thurmond (11–7) retired the first 11 batters before Von Hayes singled and John Wockenfuss walked in the fourth. The only other Phillie hits were a single by John Russell in the fifth and a single by Ivan De Jesus in the eighth.
Despite allowing only 3 hits and striking out 12 in 7 innings, Ron Darling did not emerge with a victory in the New York Mets’ 3–2 decision over the Los Angeles Dodgers last night at Shea Stadium. But then, considering recent developments involving Darling, that was nothing new. Rusty Staub, who had managed only one hit in his previous 22 pinch- hitting efforts, doubled home a tie- breaking run in the seventh inning. Then when circumstances required another tiebreaker, Danny Heep produced a single, his first pinch-hit since May 26, and raced home with the winning run as Keith Hernandez lined a double to left field.
Willie McGee drove in four runs, three with a bloop double in the fourth and another in a five-run eighth, as the St. Louis Cardinals downed the Atlanta Braves, 10–6. The Cardinals, trailing 6-5, took advantage of three infield singles and Atlanta errors on the pitcher Donnie Moore and the second baseman Jerry Royster in their eighth-inning outburst.
The Pittsburgh Pirates downed the Houston Astros, 4–2. Don Robinson, one of the best hitting pitchers in the game, singled in the ninth inning at Houston to drive in Marvell Wynne from second with the winning run. Robinson then scored on Tony Pena’s double. Frank DiPino, who worked out of a bases-loaded jam in the seventh, Iwas the victim of the uprising in the ninth that dropped the Astros 10 games behind San Diego. Robinson pitched two scoreless innings for his third victory.
Dow Jones Industrial Average: 1226.92 (-5.19).
Born:
Dylan Reese, NHL defenseman (New York Islanders, Pittsburgh Penguins, Arizona Coyotes), in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
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