Turkish invasion forces and Greek Cypriote troops continued fighting past a cease-fire deadline in Cyprus, but by nightfall the United Nations command reported that the gunfire had halted. In Washington, Secretary of State Kissinger said the danger of war between Greece and Turkey had been overcome.
Premier Bulent Ecevit asserted that Turkey accepted the cease-fire in Cyprus, but that the Turkish presence there “is now irrevocably established.” In a televised press conference, he said that Kyrenia, which took the brunt of the main Turkish invasion thrust, was forever Turkish. He said that the 10‐mile corridor established by Turkish forces from the beachhead near Kyrenia to the Turkish sector of Nicosia “will be a permanent base of strength for the Turkish people on the island.” Before the invasion Saturday, there had been no permanent Turkish military presence on Cyprus since 1925, when the island became a British crown colony.
The Premier charged that communal warfare had broken out on the island. “Right at this moment, what may be called genocide is taking place in many places in Cyprus. in certain quarters where Turks are in the minority under no protection,” he said. “Sometimes making peace is more difficult than making war,” he said. “I am afraid that this may be the case as far as peace in Cyprus is concerned.”
Greeks reacted to the agreement on a cease-fire in Cyprus with relief, tinged with humiliation. There was also mild panic caused by rumors of impending changes in the Greek government. Several diplomats reported signs of strain within the military government over the way it met the crisis with Turkey. There were reports in Athens that some of the government’s leaders would soon be ousted.
Many Greeks blamed their government for having brought the nation to the edge of war with neighboring Turkey, a conflict between North Atlantic Treaty allies avoided by the early morning announcement of the cease‐fire agreement. They also expressed what several described as “shame” that the events of the last week had led to criticism of Greece by almost every country in the world.
“The whole thing left us with absolutely no friends,” said one Athenian today. “We gained nothing from it except to have a lot more Turks on Cyprus. But what really worries us is what comes next in Athens. Someone will have to pay.” There were some unusual occurrences suggesting that changes might well be impending. There was a total blackout in Salonika, in northern Greece, and policemen in Athens were telling some homeowners to expect the same here because of “rumors.” Athens also remained virtually cut off from the outside because of serious communications troubles.
Operation Niki, an attempt by Greece’s Hellenic Air Force to support the Greek Cypriot National Guard in defending against the Turkish invasion of Cyprus, failed when the guardsmen mistook the Greek air support for enemy invaders. The “friendly fire” by members of the national guard, which had not been informed that the Greek commandos were coming to their rescue, shot down a Nord Noratlas transport aircraft as it was about to land, killing 27 Greek commandos and the four-member crew.
General Francisco Franco was progressing favorably after a near-fatal relapse last week in his fight against phlebitis of the right leg, his doctors said in Madrid. In one of the most optimistic reports issued since the 81-year-old Spanish chief of state was stricken 13 days ago, doctors indicated they had decided against surgery to remove a blood clot in Franco’s thigh. Franco has temporarily handed over his powers to Prince Juan Carios de Borbon.
Poland marked its 30th anniversary as a Communist republic with a display of tanks, armored cars and goose-stepping troops in central Warsaw. Soviet Communist Party leader Leonid I. Brezhnev, on the final day of a three-day visit to Poland, watched the parade with Poland’s party chief Edward Gierek. Defense Minister Wojciech Jaruzelski warned in the main speech that “the weeds of the cold war are still sprouting.”
Six Russian human rights campaigners, including physicist Andrei D. Sakharov, have appealed to U.N. Secretary General Kurt Waldheim and the International Red Cross to intervene on behalf of a Crimean Tartar who has been on a month-long hunger strike in a Tashkent prison. The prisoner, Mustafa Dzhemilev, 30, was arrested on charges of evading military service. Dzhemilev had also been a vigorous campaigner for the right of Tartars to return to their Crimean homeland.
The British Government announced a series of measures today to prop the sagging British economy, curtail inflation, and bolster public confidence in the business outlook. In a long‐awaited interim budget message, Denis Healey, Chancellor of the Exchequer, implied that economic stimulus was needed now to head off a serious recession in the months ahead. At the same time, the Chancellor disclosed that a $1.2‐billion line of credit had been arranged with Iran to help finance Britain’s trade deficit. This would be in addition to a $2.5‐billion loan from commercial banks arranged four months ago.
The Palestinian Liberation Organization took its seat in Caracas as the first of a dozen observers from national liberation movements admitted to the International Conference on the Law of the sea. Other observers to be admitted include movements recognized by the League of Arab States and the Organization of African Unity.
Communist forces attacked two South Vietnamese air bases and a navy training center, killing two persons and wounding 36 others, the Saigon military command said. Nha Trang Air Base, 188 miles northeast of Saigon and the second largest in the country, was hit by Russian-made rockets. Saboteurs set off explosives that destroyed two buildings at the former U.S. Cam Ranh Bay Air Base south of Nha Trang. At the same time, Communist gunners fired four mortar rounds into a naval training center four miles east of Cam Ranh, officials said.
A South Korean Roman Catholic bishop, Daniel (Chi) Eji Hak-soun of Wonju diocese, was scheduled to go on military trial today in connection with an alleged plot to overthrow the government of President Park Chung Hee. The exact charges against the bishop were not known. The reported Communist plot was said to involve 53 members of the underground National Democratic Youth-Student Federation, and two Japanese.
American officials here are privately indicating their concern to South Koreans over the possible effect that the current wave of political trials may have on continued United States support for this country. Publicly and officially the United States Embassy has done nothing to criticize President Park Chung Hee’s repressive emergency decrees and the series of secret court martials that have already convicted nearly 100 Korean dissidents and critics of the Government. Forthcoming Congressional hearings in Washington, called by two subcommittees of the House Foreign Affairs Committee for July 30, will consider an amendment to the Foreign Aid Bill banning United States assistance to any nation holding political prisoners. Although they are expected to focus largely on South Korea, no word about the hearings has appeared in the tightly controlled South Korean press.
Roman Catholic sources reported today that officials had indefinitely postponed the military trial of a Roman Catholic bishop on charges of participating in a alleged plot to overthrow the government of President Park Chung Hee. The reason for the reported postponement was not known. The sources said earlier that the bishop, the Most Rev. Daniel Chi of the Wonju diocese, would go on trial today.
Typhoon Ivy headed toward Hong Kong after killing at least nine persons and injuring 11 others in a sweep across the main Philippine island of Luzon. Officials said Ivy’s 100 m.p.h. winds also did extensive damage to rice crops and property but gave no figures.
Michael Imru, 44, a second cousin of Emperor Haile Selassie, was appointed prime minister of Ethiopia to replace Endalkachew Makonnen, who resigned after five months in office. No reason was given for the resignation of Makonnen, who was appointed to the post after the military overthrow of Premier Aklilu Habte-Wold’s government.
[Prime Minister Endelkachew Makonnen was actually removed from office, and replaced by Lij Mikael Imru. Makonnen was arrested the next day on orders of the ruling Derg.]
Sam Garrison, the House Judiciary Committee’s new Republican special counsel, told the committee that the House should not impeach President Nixon unless it appeared probable that he would be convicted in a Senate trial and removed from office. Even then, he said, the House had an obligation to make a “political” judgment whether “the best interests of the country” would be served by ejecting Mr. Nixon from the presidency. He also challenged the contention of John Doar, the committee’s special counsel on impeachment, that impeachment was warranted on direct and circumstantial evidence.
The House Judiciary Committee’s final sessions of its impeachment inquiry will be televised and broadcast over radio starting tomorrow. By a wide margin of 346 to 40, the House approved a rules change to permit such coverage, and the committee later approved it by 31 to 7.
James St. Clair, President Nixon’s defense lawyer, who had a meeting with Mr. Nixon in San Clemente, Calif., refused under repeated questioning at a news conference later to say whether the President would obey a Supreme Court order to turn over subpoenaed evidence to the special Watergate prosecutor. He repeated his argument that it would be “inappropriate” for him to discuss a pending case before the Court.
John Ehrlichman, who had been President Nixon’s domestic affairs adviser, was acquitted of one of the four felony counts on which he had been convicted 10 days ago in connection with the burglary of the office of Dr. Daniel Ellsberg’s former psychiatrist. But his conviction on two counts of perjury and one of violating a citizen’s civil rights stands.
Wayne Morse, an outspoken congressional liberal who supported many unpopular causes while serving as a Senator from Oregon from 1945 to 1968, died of kidney failure in Portland, Oregon, at the age of 73. He died during a strenuous campaign in which his chances to regain the Senate seat he lost in 1968 were considered good. He had won the Democratic nomination two months ago. He began his career as a Republican.
President Nixon, in a sharp blow to prospects for the consumer protection bill, said the Senate version of the bill was “unacceptable” and warned that he would veto it “if presented to me.” His position was made known in a letter, dated July 18, to Senator Carl T. Curtis (R-Nebraska) as the Senate entered its second week of debate on the bill. The measure would create an independent consumer protection agency to represent the interests of consumers in regulatory and court proceedings. It would lack any regulatory power of its own but it could enter cases as a super-lawyer advocate for the consumer point of view. Opponents say the proposed agency could pry into trade secrets and harass businesses with endless legalities.
The House voted to ease proposed restrictions on mountaintop strip mining in a move environmentalists said seriously weakened the bill to regulate surface coal mining. By a 65-19 vote, the House adopted an amendment by Rep. John M. Slack (D-West Virginia) to exempt mountaintop removal from stringent standards dealing with other types of strip mining on steep slopes. Rep. Patsy T. Mink (D-Hawaii) said the amendment “would gut this bill.” Earlier, the House rejected other amendments sponsors said would weaken the bill, including a series of coal industry proposals by Rep. Craig Hosmer (R-California), an outspoken critic of the bill.
Florida and Arizona can lay joint claim to the title of the fastest-growing states in the union, according to Census Bureau figures. In terms of sheer population growth, Florida was first. In the three-year period between 1970, when the last census was taken, and July 1, 1973, the population increased by 888,000. On a percentage basis, however, Arizona ranked highest. Its increase in the three-year period was 16.1%. Next in percentage were Florida, 13.1%, Nevada, 12.9% and Colorado, 10.4%. After Florida in sheer growth were California, 648,000, Arizona, 285,000 and Colorado, 230,000.
Otto Kerner Jr. resigned as a U.S. federal judge with the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals before the U.S. House of Representatives was to hold hearings on whether to impeach him. Kerner, former Governor of Illinois, prominent as Chairman of the Kerner Commission on the investigation of race rioting and a judge since 1968, had lost his appeal on a conviction of mail fraud, conspiracy and perjury. On July 29, seven days after his conviction, Kerner began serving a three-year federal prison sentence after stepping down from the bench.
Nine years ago, Sam (Mooney) Giancana, the reputed operating chief of the Chicago crime syndicate, refused to answer questions before a federal grand jury investigating mob activities despite a grant of immunity. Now, after his mysterious return from Mexico, he will go before another grand jury in Chicago on the same matter and no one knows if he will again remain silent. Since 1966 Giancana had been living in luxury in Cuernavaca and apparently still continuing to carry on the mob’s business around the world except in the United States. But for unexplained reasons Mexican authorities last week picked up Giancana at his apartment and put him on a plane to San Antonio. He arrived dressed only in an old shirt, pants and slippers, without even money or passport.
The United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit has affirmed the contempt conviction of a Los Angeles radio station, manager for refusing to surrender an original tape recording from the self-styled Symbionese Liberation Army. The court, in a decision announced today, ruled that Will Lewis of KPFK had no grounds to refuse to provide to the Federal Bureau of Investigation a tape containing the voices of William and Emily Harris, members of the radical organization, and Patricia Hearst, who was kidnapped by S.L.A. members but has since issued statements sympathizing with the group. The authorities sought the original tape recording to check for fingerprints. Mr. Lewis argued that he was protecting a confidential news source by withholding the tape.
The Transportation Department urged Congress to continue funding Amtrak, despite a deficit that costs the government nearly 5 cents a passenger mile. The department said in a report that Amtrak boosted its ridership in fiscal 1974 by 30% and that “overall the quality of Amtrak service has improved over prior years.”
Senator Edward J. Gurney (R-Florida) asked a federal court in Jacksonville, Florida, to throw out a grand jury indictment charging him with conspiracy, bribery and perjury in an influence-peddling case. Gurney’s attorney, C. Harris Dittmar, claimed the grand jury had not been duly constituted. U.S. District Judge Charles R. Scott did not set a date for a hearing. The indictment accused Gurney and six others of conspiring to collect a special $223,000 fund for Gurney and soliciting contributions from contractors and real estate developers. Gurney was further accused of taking an apartment as a bribe and lying to the grand jury.
About 350 supporters of President Nixon gathered on the steps of the Capitol today to begin what they said would be a 72‐hour fast and prayer session. Standing beneath American flags and signs saying “God Bless President Nixon,” the crowd heard speeches decrying the impeachment proceedings against Mr. Nixon as no solution to the “Watergate morality.” “We should take note that both Hitler and Lenin took power on the heels of leaders made impotent by constraints upon their office and lack of cohesive support,” said Neil Salonen, president of the National Prayer and Fast Committee.
Mayor Beame of New York City attempted to lessen the political damage done to his reputation as a fiscal expert by three audits depicting sloppy bookkeeping and multi-million-dollar discrepancies in the city’s financial records when he was Controller. A few hours before the mayor faced a roomful of questioners at a news conference at Gracie Mansion, Controller Harrison Goldin made public the findings of the third audit.
The Byrne administration acknowledged it did not have the necessary support for its income-tax proposal in the New Jersey state Senate and asked that the measure be withdrawn and not put to a vote in the Senate on Wednesday. Senator Joseph Merlino, Democrat of Mercer County, who was to have introduced the bill, said, “We counted heads and we didn’t have 21 votes.” The 21 votes were needed to get a majority in the 40-member Senate.
Negotiations in the National Football League labor dispute collapsed today, further threatening the start of the preseason game schedule. As a result of that threat, owners offered fans full refunds for the Hall of Fame game in Canton, Ohio, Saturday and the first round of exhibitions scheduled for August 25.
Dow Jones Industrial Average: 790.36 (+2.42, +0.31%).
Born:
Chris Hewitt, Jamaican-American NFL defensive back (New Orleans Saints) and assistant coach (Baltimore Ravens), in Kingston, Jamaica.
Anthone Lott, NFL defensive back (Cincinnati Bengals), in Gainesville, Florida.
Died:
Wayne Morse, 73, U.S. Senator for Oregon (D) from 1945 to 1969, known for being one of two Senators to vote against the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution that approved the U.S. President’s commitment of military combat in Vietnam without a declaration of war, died after becoming ill during a campaign to regain his seat in the 1974 U.S. Senate elections.
Edna Lewis Thomas, 88, African-American stage actress (“A Streetcar Named Desire”).
Mary Forbes [Ethel Young], 91, British-American stage and screen character actress (“Terror by Night”; “The Picture of Dorian Gray”).
History Diaries 