Another United States jet plane — this time a Navy fighter that was escorting an unarmed reconnaissance aircraft — was shot down early today over central Laos. It was the second American plane brought down in two days, by ground fire from Communist‐led forces in Laos. The first was an unarmed reconnaissance plane, which was observing Communist troop movements on the Plaine des Jarres. Commander Doyle W. Lynn of La Mesa, California, was the pilot of the plane shot down today. The other pilot is Lieutenant Charles F. Klusmann of San Diego, California. A United States Embassy spokesman said in Vientiane Monday that Commander Lynn had been rescued. Lieutenant Klusmann was still missing, Reuters reported.
The department’s announcement of the second incident was the first official word that the United States was now using armed planes to escort the unarmed reconnaissance jets. The decision to send the escort fighters apparently was made after the disclosure on May 22 that a reconnaissance plane had been struck by ground fire over central Laos. That plane landed safely. The United States announced the reconnaissance mission’s May 21, saying that they had been undertaken at the request of the neutralist Laotian Government because of the “current inability of the International Control Commission to obtain adequate information” on recent attacks on neutralist and right‐wing forces in Laos. The commission, made up of representatives of India, Canada and Poland, is assigned to super‑ vise the numerous truces in the fighting between the Communist‐led Pathet Lao and anti‑Communist Laotian forces.
The State Department reiterated today that the flights would continue to keep the Laotian Government and the Control Commission informed on the “activities and movements of the forces which are invading, attacking and fighting in Laos.” Presumably because of the two plane incidents, Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara canceled plans today to fly to Ohio University in Athens, Ohio, to receive an honorary degree. He was understood to have talked to President Johnson and to Secretary of State Dean Rusk today.
Australian training teams with ARVN forces exchange fire with guerrillas on the same day that the Australian Government sends six transport planes and more army instructors as combat advisers. The government also calls for all SEATO members to increase their support for South Vietnam. Announcing the program in Canberra, Senator Shane D. Paltridge, Minister of Defense, said that Australia would send three Caribou transport planes as soon as servicing and support facilities could be provided in South Vietnam. Three more will be sent in October. He said the present Australian Army training team of 30 commissioned and noncommissioned officers in Vietnam would be doubled and Australian instructors would now be used in the field as advisers to battalion – level and smaller groups.
A new South Vietnamese nationalistic movement trying to capitalize on weariness with the United States and Vietnamese struggle against Communist insurgents is taking hold of the university in Huế, ancient city of learning. The question of where the campaign is aiming — toward a truly neutral Vietnam or toward a government vulnerable to a Communist takeover — is a major preoccupation of American policy‐makers in Vietnam. The driving force behind the campaign is the Buddhist organization of the central provinces. The weapon is a weekly journal of opinion called Lập Trường, or “Position,” edited by militant professors.
In three months Lập Trường has gained a wide and influential readership among articulate intellectuals here and, more recently, in Saigon. At the same time, the Buddhist leadership is moving quietly to fill key academic and administrative posts with men of their own choosing. Their presumed aim is to make the university a prestigious base for political activity. “A sort of uneasy atmosphere has grown up here rather than any dramatic events to indicate religious and political conflicts,” said the Rev. Cao Văn Luận, founder and rector of the university.
Though Father Luận, a Roman Catholic appointed by the late President Ngô Đình Diệm, took the Buddhists’ side during last year’s political and religious crisis, his position as head of the university is now threatened by militant Buddhist pressures, observers say. The attention being given to, Huế University affairs and to, the columns of Lập Trường are, measures of the impact that a new Buddhist-led campaign could have in this nation’s politics and war effort. It was in Huế that the Buddhist opposition to President Diem first flared into the open last year, starting the crisis that culminated in Mr. Diệm’s downfall and death in November.
Father Luận was ousted by Mr. Diệm’s regime at the height of the crisis and 45 of the university’s 49 faculty members resigned in protest. Several were arrested and held until the November coup d’état, when Father Luận was reinstated. In Huế, as elsewhere, Buddhist leaders withdrew from active politics after the overthrow of President Diệm. Recent countrywide demonstrations have shown that the Buddhist movement still seems to command deeper loyalty and discipline among the South Vietnamese people than any political organization, including both the Saigon Government and Communist insurgents.
Valerian A. Zorin, a Deputy Foreign Minister, made a surprise appearance here today as head of the Soviet Union’s delegation to the 17-nation disarmament conference. Mr. Zorin said on his arrival that the Soviet delegation was “firmly resolved to exert every effort” to achieve results at the meeting. It resumes tomorrow after a five‐week recess. Western officials were expecting Semyon K. Tsarapkin, a lower‐ranking member of the Soviet Foreign Ministry, who has headed the Soviet delegation for more than a year.
The arrival of Mr. Zorin caused some sources at the conference to wonder whether Moscow planned to make some surprise moves. The negotiations have tended to assume a routine character. There was also some speculation that the talks may provide Mr. Zorin with an opportunity to work behind the scenes at the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development, which has entered its final stage here. The Soviet official, it is thought, may seek to stem such wavering in loyalty to the Soviet line as has been evidenced at the trade negotiations by Rumania. Mr. Zorin’s explanation was that he was here because Mr. Tsarapkin was still on Vacation. He indicated he did not expect to remain long at the disarmament talks.
Mr. Zorin headed the Soviet delegation during much of the conference’s first stage in 1962. Many of his speeches Were notable for the harshness of their attacks on the West. In his statement today he decried what he called the Western powers’ “negative position” on disarmament. He expressed hope that they were now ready to “undertake real steps” to achieve a “positive solution” of the problem. A high United States official indicated today that the West would stand on the proposals it has put before the conference.
Soviet Premier Khrushchev met President Tito of Yugoslavia in Leningrad today. It was widely assumed by Western diplomats that the Yugoslav leader had come to the Soviet Union to urge caution by the Soviet leaders in dealing with the Chinese Communists. The meeting is being held against the background of an apparent Soviet determination to bring the Chinese‐Soviet ideological conflict to some sort of climax by convening a world conference of Communist parties. The talks ended tonight after only a few hours. Marshal Tito is scheduled to leave tomorrow for Belgrade.
A communiqué issued by Tass, the Soviet press agency, alluded to the Chinese‐Soviet dispute. It said the two leaders had discussed “current questions” concerning the international Communist movement. It said they attached “great significance” to the unity of the movement and “stressed the need for every Communist and workers’ party to make its contribution toward ending the difficulties that have arisen in the world Communist movement and toward achieving unity.” The communiqué said they had confirmed their adherence to the principle of peaceful coexistence as the principal line of foreign policy of their countries. Mr. Khrushchev’s policy of peaceful coexistence has been one of the principal targets of attack by Peking.
Signs of growing Rumanian differences with Moscow multiplied over the weekend, accompanied by Rumanian economic gestures toward the West. The evidence, largely recorded by Radio Free Europe monitoring, indicated that the Rumanians had taken the following controversial steps: They assailed the Moscow radio for “misinforming” listeners in Rumania about economic independence and trade with the West. They offered Western (but not East European) visitors a better currency exchange rate and further relaxed travel restrictions. They applied for membership in the nonaligned group of nations at the United Nations World Trade Conference in Geneva. They sought closer contacts with the Western‐dominated General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT). Finally, they contended that Rumania had virtually completed the building of Socialism.
An attack by the Bucharest radio on a May 30 Moscow broadcast was called by Radio Free Europe analysts a “defiant response to what Bucharest regards as Soviet efforts to interfere in Rumania’s internal affairs.” The Bucharest statement was recorded Friday night by Radio Free Europe, a privately financed organization that attempts to maintain a flow of non‐Communist information into Eastern Europe. The Moscow radio had pleaded, in a direct Rumanian‐language broadcast, for faith in the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, the Soviet bloc economic organization, and had warned against the acceptance of Western economic help. Rumania has refused to accept the dictates of Comecon in assigning her the role of an agricultural and petroleum producer. She has decided instead to go heavily into industrialization.
South Korean Premier Chung Il Kwon announced today that 576 officials, including at least one vice minister, would be dismissed for misbehavior and corruption. The Premier, in his first news conference since martial law was imposed in Seoul Wednesday to combat student rioting, declined to say when military control would be lifted. Students were dispersing to their homes, following the Government’s closing of the universities and schools, and the capital and provincial centers had another day without any disturbances. However, the death of a 20-year-old university student from injuries received in the rioting raised new fears. The student, Lee Yoon Shik, a freshman at Kunkook University in Seoul, was admitted to a hospital here Wednesday with head and body injuries, and died yesterday morning.
Newspapers in Seoul, subject to rigid censorship under martial law, have not reported the death. The death of a student at the hands of the police during similar outbreaks sparked the final tumultuous rioting that forced the resignation of President Syngman Rhee on April 26, 1960. Two other students are reported in critical condition, as are several policemen. Premier Chung declined to give casualty figures on civilians injured in the rioting, but said the police were investigating. The government had announced that 484 policemen were injured.
The UN Trust territory of Papua New Guinea, administered by Australia, convened its first elected legislature, the 64 member House of Assembly of Papua and New Guinea. Previously, the south Pacific islands had been governed by an appointed legislative council. Under the provisions of Australia’s Papua and New Guinea Act, 44 of the members were indigenous residents voted upon by people within a geographic electorate, 10 were non-indigenous from special electorates, and the other 10 were appointed by the Governor-General of Australia on the recommendation of the Papua New Guinean administrator.
A motion to shut off the Southern filibuster against the civil rights bill was filed in the Senate today as bipartisan leaders grew increasingly confident that they had the votes to invoke closure (cloture). As soon as the Senate convened at noon, Mike Mansfield of Montana, the Democratic leader, rose and addressed the chair: “Mr. President, I send to the desk a motion on House Bill 7152.” Only 16 signatures are required for such a motion, but this one had 39. Of these, 28 were Democrats and 11 Republicans.
Under the rules, the motion must be voted on Wednesday, one hour after the Senate meets, and the votes of two‐thirds of the members present and voting are required for passage. The leaders were confident they had nailed down the last few doubtful votes by agreeing last Saturday to take up three amendments supported by conservative Republicans prior to the closure test. These amendments will be voted on tomorrow. Meanwhile, Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona said he would vote against closure, as he always has done in the past. However, the front‐running contender for the Republican Presidential nomination indicated he would have no difficulty voting for the substitute bill prepared by Everett McKinley Dirksen of Illinois, the Senate Republican leader, in consultation with the bill’s managers and the Justice Department.
Mr. Goldwater said he had never voted against a civil rights bill. “I will vote for this one,” he said, “if it turns out the way I think it will.” Mr. Goldwater said he would not have been able to vote for the bill passed by the House last February 10, but he asserted that the Dirksen amendments had met some of his objections by giving a “primacy to the states” for enforcement of nondiscrimination in public accommodations and employment. He added, however, that he thought the Dirksen substitute bill could be further improved by the adoption of the three amendments favored by a group of Republicans headed by Bourke B. Hickenlooper of Iowa. “I think the bill will be in shape so that all Republicans can vote for it,” Mr. Goldwater told reporters. But as for closure, he said, that was “a matter of principle” with him.
There had been reports that before he left this afternoon for the National Governors’ Conference in Cleveland, Mr. Goldwater would make a speech against closure. This morning the Arizonan conferred with his aides on the Dirksen substitute bill and what position he should take. It was understood that he also discussed the advisability of making a speech against closure, since his opposition had long been known. When he came on the floor, he and Mr. Dirksen went off to one side for a talk. Then Mr. Goldwater left the floor. It was learned later that Mr. Goldwater had convinced himself that Mr. Dirksen had lined up enough Republican Senators, including several supporting the Arizonan’s candidacy, to make closure almost certain.
President Johnson spoke out today against “phantom fears” that the federal government had grown into a menace to individual liberty. “The truth is,” the President said in a commencement speech at Swarthmore College, “far from crushing the individual, government at its best liberates him from the enslaving forces of his environment.” As an example, he said that “this government is fighting — fighting to free 20 million Americans whose rights have been denied and whose hopes have been damned because they were born with dark skin.” He also cited what he called the Government’s “conditional war against the poverty that keeps one‐fifth of our people in economic bondage.” Mr. Johnson spoke in the Swarthmore Amphitheater, a woodland setting. Rain had stopped only an hour before the ceremony, and the tall trees dripped steadily on the audience of several thousand.
The President did not mention Senator Barry Goldwater, the prospective. Republican Presidential nominee. His remarks, however, constituted an answer to the criticisms of “big government” frequently made by the senator and other conservatives. President Johnson eliminated from his printed and spoken text one paragraph that had appeared in a version distributed on Saturday. It said that those who charged the government with menacing liberty “seldom render a bill of particulars.” “They preach a gospel totally unsuited to the sixties,” that version said.
“Does government,” Mr. Johnson asked in one of his now‐familiar series of questions to an audience, “subvert our freedom through the Social Security System, which guards our people against destitution when they are too old to work?
“Does government undermine our freedom by bringing electricity to the farm, by controlling floods, or by ending bank failures?
“Is freedom lessened by efforts to abate pollution in our streams, by efforts to gain knowledge of the causes of heart disease and cancer, or by efforts to strengthen competition and the free market?
“Is freedom really diminished by banning the sale of harmful drugs, by providing school lunches for our children, by pre‐serving our wilderness areas, or by improving the safety of our airways?
“Is freedom betrayed when in 1964 we redeem in full the pledge made a century ago by the Emancipation Proclamation?”
Former President Dwight D. Eisenhower was described today as the man who had deflated a new trial balloon for Governor William W. Scranton of Pennsylvania 24 hours after floating it. Within that 24-hour period, Republicans who are promoting the candidacy of Senator Barry Goldwater of Arizona for the Republican Presidential nomination reached General Eisenhower at his Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, home. They had been dismayed by the publicity that attended the meeting between the general and the Governor, which took place on Saturday at the general’s request.
General Eisenhower, as a result, telephoned Governor Scranton at the National Governors’ Conference in Cleveland yesterday morning. The general, who addressed the Governors tonight, confirmed the reports that he had called Mr. Scranton yesterday, a short time before the Governor was to appear on a nationwide television program. Governor Scranton had prepared himself to take a somewhat more emphatic position on his availability as a candidate, as General Eisenhower had urged on Saturday. Just how emphatic that was to be could not be learned.
The gist of General Eisenhower’s telephoned statement to the Governor yesterday was that, since all the publicity on their Saturday conversation had appeared, he had received a lot of calls and he did not want to be in the position of being party to a “cabal” to stop anybody and did not think Mr. Scranton should be, either. Governor Scranton is known to have told friends that he had been preparing a stronger statement and that the call from General Eisenhower was a “dampener.”
The U.S. Supreme Court left standing today a decision reversing the conviction of the Communist party for failing to register under the Internal Security Act. The United States Court of Appeals in Washington handed the decision down last December 17. It held that the government could not make the party register unless it proved that some individual, acting for the party, was willing to run the risk of self‐incrimination. The Supreme Court denied without comment today a government petition for review of that decision. The result is another setback in the 14-year effort to enforce the Internal Security Act.
Today was a surprisingly light day at the Supreme Court. The Justices handed down a half‐dozen opinions but did not deal with any of the major cases of great public interest that are awaiting decision. First among these are six cases testing whether the districts in one or both houses of state legislatures must be substantially equal in population. The suits come from New York, Alabama, Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and Colorado. In five sit‐in cases the Court is considering the right of state law enforcement forces to punish persons protesting racial discrimination at privately owned places of business. Other cases present large issues of criminal law, obscenity and antitrust law.
The Supreme Court refused today to reconsider its denial of a jury trial to former Governor Ross R. Barnett of Mississippi and his successor, Paul H. Johnson Jr., on criminal contempt charges. Mr. Barnett and Mr. Johnson were charged with contempt on the ground they refused to obey orders of the United States Circuit Court in New Orleans not to interfere with admission of James H. Meredith, a Black, to the University of Mississippi in 1962.
The Supreme Court upheld today a Washington State privilege tax imposed on the General Motors Corporation’s gross receipts from sates of products made and sold outside Washington to dealers within the state. Justice Tom C. Clark delivered the 5-4 decision. Justice Arthur J. Goldberg wrote a dissenting opinion, in which Justices Potter Stewart and Byron R. White joined. Justice William J. Brennan also wrote a dissenting opinion. General Motors appealed to the Supreme Court after the Washington State Supreme Court decided the tax did not violate the United States Constitution’s commerce clause.
Louisiana State University enrolled a Black undergraduate on the main campus today. The student, who was not identified, registered in pre‐law courses. He will start classes Wednesday. University officials said he was enrolled without incident. Earlier today, Federal District Judge E. Gordon West ordered the university to admit seven other Black undergraduates. They are expected to enroll tomorrow.
Twenty-eight people in the northwestern part of the U.S. state of Montana were killed, and 115 missing after the bursts of two dams sent the waters of the Sun River at a depth of up to six feet through entire towns, including Choteau, Montana.
A 15-year-old boy in Gila Bend, Arizona, Gerald Gault, was arrested after being accused by Mrs. Ora Cook of having made an obscene phone call, and placed in the county’s juvenile detention center without notice to either of his parents. One week later, sentenced by Judge Robert McGhee to six years’ incarceration, even though the maximum sentence for an adult for the same crime would have been no more than two months in jail and a $50 fine. The parents’ appeal of the sentence would lead to the landmark U.S. Supreme Court decision on May 15, 1967 in the case of In re Gault, requiring that minor children be afforded the same due process rights as adults.
“The Little Old Lady (from Pasadena)”, recorded by 1960s American pop singers, Jan and Dean, is released.
After other teams back off in their pursuit to sign the outstanding North Carolina high schooler when his little toe is blown off by his brother in a hunting accident, the Kansas City A’s ink Jim Hunter for $75,000. The youngest of ten children of a family from Hertferd will go on to lead the A’s win 3 Championships in the 70’s and become a Hall of Fame pitcher better known as ‘Catfish’, a name invented by club’s owner Charlie Finley.
Dow Jones Industrial Average: 800.31 (-5.72).
Born:
Butch Reynolds, American athlete who held 400m World Record (43.29s), 1988-99; Olympic gold 4x400m relay, silver 400m, 1988, in Akron, Ohio.
Kevin Clark, NFL defensive back (Denver Broncos), in Sacramento, California.
Fabrizio Cassol, Belgian saxophonist, first to use the aulochrome, in Ougrée, Belgium.
History Diaries 